Vanhu vazhinji vanotarisa kuwedzerwa kwefaira uye vozofungidzira rudzi rwefaira kubva pane izvozvi. Somuenzaniso kana iwe ukaona faira ine kuwedzerwa kwe gif, jpg, bmp kana png iwe unofunga nezvefairi yefaira uye paunoona faira ine kuwedzera kwezip iwe unofunga kuti faira yakanyanyiswa uchishandisa zip compression utility .
Muchokwadi faira inogona kuva nekuwedzera kumwe asi ive chimwe chakasiyana zvachose uye kana faira isina kuwedzerwa iwe ungaziva sei faira yepepa?
Mune Linux unogona kuwana iyo yechokwadi faira yaishandisa kushandisa faira command.
Nzira iyo File File Command Inoshanda
Maererano nezvinyorwa, faira refaira rinoshandisa zvitatu zveongororo zvinopesana nefaira:
- filesystem system
- magic miedzo
- mutauro mutsva
Sero yekutanga yekuedza kudzorera mhinduro yakakodzera inokonzera kuti faira yefaira ishandiswe.
Filesystem kuongorora kuongorora kudzoka kubva kumamiriro ekutemerwa. Purogiramu inoongorora kuona kana faira iri isina chinhu uye ingave iyo faira chaiyo. Kana iyo faira yepeji inowanika mu system system inoshandisa iyo ichadzorerwa seyoyo yakakodzera yefaira.
Iko kuongorora kwemashiripiti kunoongorora zviri mukati pefaira uye kunyanya zvishoma zvinyorwa pakutanga izvo zvinobatsira kuziva rudzi rwefaira. Kune faira dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa kubatsira kufambidzana nefaira nefaira yayo faira uye izvi zvakachengetwa mu / etc / magic, / usr / share / misc / magic.mgc, / usr / share / misc / magic. Unogona kudarika mafaira aya nekuisa faira mufaira yako yemusha inonzi $ HOME / .magic.mgc kana $ HOME / .magic.
Maedzo ekupedzisira mashandisirwo emutauro. Faira yacho inotariswa kuti ione kana iri faira. Nokuedza mazana mashomanana ekutanga kwefaira iwe unogona kuona kana iri ASCII, UTF-8, UTF-16 kana mune imwe nzira iyo inotarisa faira seyeta file. Kana imwechete iyo yakagadzirirwa yakave yakaderedzwa faira yakaedzwa kune mitauro yakasiyana. Somuenzaniso muenzaniso wefaira ac.
Kana pasina chekuongorora inoshanda chiitiko chacho inongova data.
Nzira Yokushandisa I File File
Itairi yefaira inogona kushandiswa sezvinotevera:
file filename
Somuenzaniso fungidzira iwe une faira inonzi faira1 iwe unogona kumhanya murairo unotevera:
file file1
Izvo zvabuda zvichava chinhu chakadai:
file1: PNG data data, 640 x 341, 8-bit / ruvara RGB, isina-interlaced
Zvabuda zvinoratidzira faira1 kuva firiji yefaira kana kuti inonyanya kunyatsozivikanwa nefoni inoshandiswa mufananidzo (PNG) file.
Zvimwe faira mafaira zvinogadzira mhinduro dzakasiyana seyizvi:
- ISO file type - DOS / MBR boot sector ISO 9660 CD-rm data system 'label' (bootable); chikamu 2: ID = 0xef, kutanga-CHS (0x3ff, 254,63), kuguma-CHS (0x3ff, 4,63) kutanga 1496, 4736 makamuri
- ODS file fomu - OpenDocument Spreadsheet
- PDF file fomu - PDF Document, version 1.4
- CSV faira faira - mutsara we ASCII, une mitsara yakareba kwazvo, neRLLF line zviratidzo
Tungamira Izvo Zvakabuda Kubva File File
Nokutadza, mutemo wefaira unopa zita refaira uye ipapo zvose zviri pamusoro pefaira. Kana iwe uchitsvaga zvinyorwa kunze kweiyo zita refaira rinowedzera kushandisa shanduro inotevera:
faira-b file1
Izvo zvabuda zvichava chinhu chakadai:
PNG image data, 640 x 341, 8-bit / ruvara RGB, isina-interlaced
Iwe unogonawo kuchinja mutemo wepakati pe filename uye rudzi.
Nokusingaperi, muchemiti ndeyekoloni (:) asi iwe unogona kuzvishandura kune chero chaunofarira sechiratidzo chepombi sezvinotevera:
faira -F '|' file1
Izvo zvabuda zvichave chimwe chinhu chakadai:
file1 | PNG image data, 640 x 341, 8-bit / ruvara RGB, isina-interlaced
Kubata Mafaira Akawanda
Nokutadza, iwe uchishandisa faira refaira pakurwisa imwe faira. Iwe unogona, zvisinei, unotsanangura zita re filen rine chinyorwa chemafaira chinoshandiswa nefaira refaira:
Sezvo muenzaniso uzarura faira inonzi testfiles uchishandisa nano editor uye uwedzere mitemo iyi:
- / etc / passwd
- /etc/pam.conf
- / etc / opt
Chengetedza faira uye shandisa iyi inotevera faira:
faira -f testfiles
Izvo zvabuda zvichava chinhu chakadai:
/ etc / passwd: mifananidzo ASCII
/etc/pam.conf: Mifananidzo ASCII
/ etc / opt: directory
Compressed Files
Nokusingaperi paunenge uchitamba faira rekurwisana nekambomiridzirwa faira iwe uchaona zvakabudiswa chimwe chinhu chakadai:
file.zip: ZIP archive data, zvichida V2.0 kubvisa
Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvichitaurira kuti faira iri faira re archive iwe hauzive chaizvo zviri mukati pefaira. Iwe unogona kutarisa mukati pefaira ye zip kuti uone mafaira emafaira emafaira mukati memafuta akaomeswa.
Murairo unotevera unotungamirira faira rairo kupikisa mafaira mukati me ZIP file:
faira -z filename
Izvo zvabuda zvino zvicharatidza mafaira emafaira emafaira e archive.
Summary
Muzhinji, vanhu vakawanda vachangoshandisa faira refaira kuti vawane hurukuro yefaira asi kuti uwane zvakawanda pamusoro pezvose zvingaitwa nefaira rekupa zvinowanzo zvinotevera mumutambo wekupedzisira:
man file