Mazana ezvinyorwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvemagetsi akagadzirwa kuti atsigire kukurukurirana pakati pemakombiyuta nemamwe marudzi emagetsi emagetsi. Izvozvo zvinonzi miitiro yekugadzirisa mitambo ndiyo mhuri yemitambo yenethiwekhi inoita kuti makombiya emakombiyuta ataurirane pamwe chete uyewo kuti ave nehanya nokufambisa motokari pakati pemakwikwi avo. Mitemo inotsanangurwa pasi pega imwe neimwe inobvumira iyi basa rinokosha revatori uye makombiyuta emakombiyuta.
Nzira dzekutsvaga maProtocols dzinoshanda sei
Yese network network routing protocol inoita zvinhu zvitatu zvinokosha:
- kutsvaga - tsvaga mamwe mairaira pamutambo
- nzira yekugadzirisa - chengetedza nzvimbo yose inogona kuitika (yekutumira mitambo) pamwe nedzimwe tsanangudzo dzinotsanangura nzira yemumwe nomumwe
- nzira yekutsvaga - kuita zvinosarudzira zvisarudzo zvekuti ungatumira sei mutauro wega wega
Mamwe mapurogiramu ekugadzirisa maitiro (anonzi link state protocols ) anopa router kuvaka uye kutarisa mapeji akazara ehutano hwehutano mune imwe nzvimbo apo mamwe (anonzi kure kureva vector protocols) anobvumira matairi kushanda nemashoko mashomanana pamusoro penzvimbo yenzvimbo.
01 ye 05
RIP
Vatsvakurudzi vakagadzira Routing Information Protocol mumakore ekuma1980 kuti vashandiswe pamadziro maduku kana mukati-kati akabatana neIndaneti. RIP inogona kukwanisa kutumira mashoko kune dzimwe nheyo kusvika kune makumi maviri.
RIP-enabled routers vanoona ruwayo nokutanga kutumira shoko rinokumbira matafura router kubva kumakamuri ekuvakidzani. Vavakidzani vari munzira dzinomhanya RIP inopindura nokutumira tafura dzese dzinogadzirisa zvakare kumunhu anenge akakumbira, apo apo muiti wekutevera anotevera gadziridzo yekubatanidza zvose izvi zvinoshandiswa mutafura yake. Pakati pezvenguva dzakarongeka, varairidzi veRIP vanobva vatumira matafura avo kune vavakidzani vavo kuitira kuti chero shanduko inogona kupararira mukati memutambo.
Tsika yeRIP inotsigira IPv4 chete mapeji asi itsva RIPng standard inotsigira IPv6 . RIP inoshandisa DP ports 520 kana 521 (RIPng) yekutaurirana kwayo.
02 of 05
OSPF
Vhura Pfupi Pfupi Pakati Pakatanga kusikwa kukunda zvimwe zvekukwanisa kweRIP kusanganisira
- the 15 count count restriction
- kushaya kukwanisa kuronga mitambo muhutungamiri hwekutonga, zvakakosha pakugadzirisa nekushanda pamakona makuru emukati
- izvo zvakakosha zvinokonzerwa netaneti zvinokonzerwa nokudzokororazve kutumira mazai ega router panguva dzakatarwa.
Sezvinorehwa nezita, OSPF inofanirwa nehurumende yakasununguka uye yakagamuchirwa kubvumirana kune vakawanda vepanhasi vatengesi. Vashandi vanogonesa OSPF vanoona hutano kuburikidza nokutumira mazita ekuzivikanwa kune mumwe nemumwe achiteverwa nemashoko anotora zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana pane kugadzirisa tafura yose. Ndiyo chete inobatanidza state routing protocol inoratidzwa munharaunda iyi.
03 of 05
EIGRP uye IGRP
Cisco yakave neInternet Gateway Routing Protocol seimwezve nzira yeRIP. Iyo itsva Inhanced IGRP (EIGRP) yakaita kuti IGRP isashande zvekare kubva kuma1900. EIGRP inotsigira classless IP subnets uye inovandudza kushanda kwekugadzirisa maitiro ekuenzanisa nekuenzaniswa neGRP yakwegura. Hazvibatsiri kuronga maitiro ekuchikoro, saRIP. Pakutanga yakasikwa seine purogiramu yemitemo inogona kushandiswa chete paCisco mhuri madivayiri. EIGRP yakagadzirirwa nechinangwa chekugadzirisa kushandiswa nekushanda zviri nani kupfuura OSPF.
04 of 05
IS-IS
Sangano reChitamende kuenda kune Intermediate System protocol rinoshanda zvakafanana neOSPF. Kunyange zvazvo OSPF yakava sarudzo yakakurumbira zvikuru, IS-IS inoramba iri kushandiswa kwakapararira nevatapi venhesi vakabatsirwa neprotocol iri nyore nyore kugadziriswa munzvimbo dzavo dzakasiyana. Kusiyana nedzimwe nhepfenyuro dziri munharaunda iyi, IS-IS haina kukwira pamusoro peInternet Protocol (IP) uye inoshandisa iyo pamba yekutaura.
05 of 05
BGP uye EGP
I Border Gateway Protocol ndiyo Internet standard External Gateway Protocol (EGP). BGP inoona kugadziriswa kwekugadzirisa tafura uye inosarudza izvo zvinoshandiswa kune mamwe mairaira pamusoro peTCP / IP .
Vashandi veIndaneti vanowanzoshandisa BGP kuti vabatane namanamaneti pamwe chete. Uyezve, bhizimusi guru dzimwe nguva rinoshandisa BGP kuti ibatane pamwe yakawandisa yemavhuna awo emukati. Vashandi vanoona BGP inonyanya kuoma yezvose zvinotora zvigadziro kutonga nekuda kwekugadzirisa kwayo kuoma.