Kusiyana pakati pekuparadzwa nekuchengetedzwa
Kutanga, chii chinonzi hacker?
Izwi rokuti "hacker" rinogona kureva zvinhu zviviri zvakasiyana:
- Mumwe munhu akanaka kwazvo pakushandisa pakombiyuta, kutengesa mitambo, kana mamwe mabasa akakombiyuta akafanana uye anoda kugovana ruzivo rwavo nevamwe vanhu
- Mumwe munhu anoshandisa unyanzvi hwavo hwekombiyuta uye ruzivo kuti awane ruzivo rwusina mvumo yehurongwa, hurumende, hurumende, kana kuti mitambo, kuitira kuti zvikonzere zvinetso, kunonoka, kana kusakwanisa kuwana.
Vanhu vakawanda vanofunga nezvevanonzwa izwi rokuti # #; hacker & # 34;
Izwi rokuti "hacker" haritauri pfungwa dzakanakisisa kuvanhu vakawanda. Tsanangudzo yakakurumbira yemunhu anokanganisa ndeye munhu anozvipira achizviisa muzvirongwa kana mitambo kuti awane ruzivo kana kuti awane mhirizhonga mumusangano kuitira chinangwa chakanaka chekutonga. Vatengesi havawanzobatanidzwa nekuita mabasa akanaka; zvirokwazvo, izwi rokuti "hacker" rinowanzofananidzwa ne "mhosva" kuvanhu vose. Idzi vanhu vanotsvaga vatsva kana "vanokanganisa", vanhu vatinonzwa nezvayo pamashoko ekugadzira mhirizhonga nekukwevera pasi maitiro. Vanonyengera vanopinda nhare dzakachengeteka uye vanoshandisa zvikanganiso zvehupenyu hwavo pachavo (uye kazhinji hutsinye) kugutsikana.
Kune marudzi akaenzana evashamba
Zvisinei, munharaunda yevanotambudza, pane maonero akasiyana-siyana evanhu avo vanhu vose vasingazivi. Kune vanokanganisa vanopinda muhurongwa husingaiti kuti vaparadze, avo vane hanya yevoruzhinji pamwoyo. Vanhu ava vakachena vatsotsi, kana kuti " vakaroka vakanaka ." Vatsvene-vakukutu vanyengeri ndevaya vanopinda muhurongwa hwekutaura nezvekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengeteka kana kuisa pfungwa kune chinokonzera. Zvinangwa zvavo hazvirevi kuti zvinokonzera kuparadza asi kuita basa rinoitirwa vanhu vose.
Kutengesa sebasa rinoitirwa vanhu vose
Vatsvene-vheji vanopinza vanozivikanwawo sekutsika huckers; ivo vanosekwa vari kushanda kubva mukati mekambani, uye ruzivo rwakakwana rwekambani uye mvumo, iyo inopindira mumakambani ekambani kuti iwane zvikanganiso uye inopa mharidzo yavo kune kambani. Vakawanda vatsva-hatshi vashandi vanoshandiswa nemakambani ekuchengetedza makombiyuta, akadai seComputer Sciences Corporation (CSC). Sezvakataurwa pamusoro pewebsite yavo, "nyanzvi dzinopfuura 1 000 dzeCSC dzekuchengetedza ruzivo, kusanganisira 40 nguva yakazara" maitiro anonyadzisa, "vanotsigira vatengi muEurope, North America, Australia, Africa neAsia.Nyamura inosanganisira kubvunzurudza, kuvaka uye kugoverana, kuongorora uye kuongorora , kutumirwa uye kushanda, uye kudzidziswa.
Kuendeswa kwehutsika hwehutsika hutsika kuti uongorore kudzvinyirirwa kwekombiyuta maitiro ndeimwe yenzira dzakawanda CSC inogona kubatsira vatengi kugadzirisa nekushushikana kwekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengeteka. "Ava nyanzvi dzekuchengeteka kwepuraneti vanotarisa zvikanganiso zviri muhurongwa uye vanozvigadzirisa vasati vatadzi vanogona kuvashandisa.
Bonus Hacking Tip: Vamwe vanhu vari kushandisa internet kuti varatidze nekuda kwezvematongerwe enyika kana zvemagariro vachishandisa zviito zvinonzi ' hacktivism .'
Kuwana basa sevanyengeri
Kunyange zvazvo vatsvene-vatsotsi vanoita havakwanisi kuzivikanwa sezvinofanira kuva, makambani akawanda uye ari kutsvaga vanhu vanogona kuramba vari mberi kwevanhu vakatsunga kuunza hurongwa hwavo pasi. Nokupa vatsvene vatsotsi, makambani ane nguva yekurwa. Kunyange zvazvo idzi programming gurus dzaimbove dzichionekwa sezvisingabvumirwi mumaziso evanhu, vakawanda vanovhunduka iye zvino vane basa rakakosha uye rakanyanya kubhadharwa nemakambani, hurumende, nemamwe masangano.
Zvechokwadi, haisi mhaka dzose dzekuchengeteka dzinogona kudziviswa, asi kana makambani achibhadhara vanhu vanogona kuaona vasati vashora, ipapo hafu yehondo yakatowanikwa. Vatsvene-vheji vanoita basa ravo vanogadzirirwa nokuda kwekuti vatambi vatsvuku havasi kuzorega kuita zvavanoita. Kufadzwa kwehutachiona hwehutano nekuderedza mitero kunongonakidza, uye zvechokwadi, kukurudzira kwepfungwa hakuenzaniswi. Ava ndivo vanhu vakachenjera chaizvo avo vasina tsika dzakanaka pamusoro pokutsvaga uye kuparadza makombiyuta matanho. Zvizhinji zvemakambani anogadzira chero chinhu chokuita nekombiyuta vanoziva izvi uye vari kutora matanho akakodzera ezvokuchengetedza kudzivirira matambudziko, kuora, kana zvimwe zvidziviriro zvinopera.
Mienzaniso yevakakurumbira vanozivikanwa
Black Hat
Asingazivikanwi : Iboka rinoshamwaridzana rinoshamwaridzana nevanokuvadza vanobva kumativi ose enyika, neminzvimbo dzemisangano pamapuraneti akasiyana-siyana emapuraneti uye mahofisi evanhu vanoita zvekugara. Ivo vanozivikanwa zvikuru nekuda kwekuedza kwavo kukurudzira kusateerera kwevanhu uye / kana kushungurudzika kuburikidza nekunyadzisa uye kuparadzaniswa kwemawebsite akasiyana-siyana, kukanganisa kushungurudzwa kwebasa, uye kubudiswa kwekutsvaga kwemashoko ega ega.
Jonathan James : Haasviki pakuvhara muNzvimbo Dambudziko Rokudzivirira Agency uye kubika purogiramu yepurogiramu.
Adrian Lamo : Anozivikanwa nekupinda muzvikwata zvakasiyana-siyana zvemasangano makuru, kusanganisira Yahoo , New York Times, uye Microsoft kushandisa zvigadziriro zvekuchengetedza.
Kevin Mitnick : Akatongerwa mhosva dzakawanda dzemhosva dzekombiyuta mushure mokunge vatungamirirwa nehurumende pavakanyatsotsvaga zvakadzingwa kwemakore maviri nehafu. Mushure mekushumira nguva mujeri rehurumende nekuda kwezviito zvake, Mitnick akatanga nheyo yehutano yekuchengeteka kuti vabatsire mabhizinesi nemasangano kuchengetedza mitambo yavo yakachengeteka.
White Hat
Tim Berners-Lee : Anonyanya kuzivikanwa nekugadzira World Wide Web , HTML , uye URL system.
Vinton Cerf : Anozivikanwa se "baba veInternet", Cerf yakakosha zvikuru pakuumba Indaneti neWebhu sezvatinoshandisa nhasi.
Dan Kaminsky : Nyanzvi yepamusoro yepamusoro yekuchengeteka inozivikanwa nokuda kwebasa rake pakufumura Sony BMG kuchengetedzwa kwekopi rootkit scandal.
Ken Thompson : Co-yakagadzirwa UNIX, chirongwa chekushandisa, uye C programming program.
Donald Knuth : Mumwe wevanhu vane simba zvikuru mumunda wekombiyuta purogiramu uye nyanzvi yekombiyuta yesayenzi.
Larry Wall : Musiki wePERL, wepamusoro-purogiramu yemutauro unogona kushandiswa pamabasa akasiyana-siyana.
Hackers: kwete dema kana nyeupe nyaya
Nepo huzhinji hwemabasa edu tichanzwa nezvemashoko anobva kune vanhu vane vavariro dzine utsinye, pane vanhu vakawanda vane ruzivo vane ruzivo uye vakazvitsaurira vari kushandisa unyanzvi hwavo hwekunyengedza kuti huve nani. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa mutsauko.