Kushandisa chmod kuchinja kana kuchinja mafaira uye mabhuku epareji
Unix uye Linux zvinoshandisa sangano dzinopa kodzero dzekuwana mafaira uye zvinyorwa zvinoshandisa imwe yemhando mitatu yekuwana (kuverenga, kunyora nekuita) yakagoverwa kune rimwe nerimwe mapoka matatu (menzi, boka uye vamwe vashandisi).
Kana iwe ukanyora tsanangudzo yemafaira efaira uchishandisa ls murairo ne-- t switch (somuenzaniso ls -l filename ), inogona kudzorera ruzivo rwaizoita chimwe chinhu-- rwe-rw-r- iyo inofanirwa kuverenga, kunyora uye Ita ropafadzo kumwene, ita nekunyora ropafadzo dzeboka uye kungoverenga kuwanikwa kwevamwe vashandisi.
Imwe yega yemhando dzekodzero dzekuwana dzinobatanidzwa nenhamba yakanyorwa pasi apa:
- verenga = 4
- nyora = 2
- execute = 1
Izvo zvinokosha zvekodzero dzekuwana kune imwe neimwe yemapoka yakawedzerwa pamwechete kuwana mutengo pakati pe 0 ne7 inogona kushandiswa kugovera kana kugadzirisa mvumo uchishandisa chmod (shanduko yemamiriro).
Mumuenzaniso wepamusoro, kodzero yekuwana yefaira iri mubvunzo inogona kupiwa nekupinda chmod 764 filename . Nhamba 764 yakabva pane:
- rwe = 4 (verenga) + 2 (nyora) + 1 (ita) = 7
- rw = 4 (verenga) + 2 (nyora) = 6
- r = 4 (verenga) = 4
Iwe unogona kushandisa murairo wechmod kuti upe kodzero dzekuwana kodzero kumafaira uye zvinyorwa. Ramba uchifunga kuti Unix neLinux mirairo uye mazita ezvinyorwa ndezviitiko zvakaoma. Unofanirwa kushandisa " chmod " uye kwete CHMod kana imwe imwe sangano yepamusoro uye yakaderera tsamba.
Nzira yekushandisa sei mutemo chmod:
- kugona kwakakwana kwevanhu vose:
- chmod 777 filename
- kubvumirana kwakakwana kwedzidzi uye boka rekodzero asi vamwe vashandisi vanogona kungoverenga nekuita:
- chmod 775 filename
- kufambidzana kwakakwana kwemudzidzi, asi kuvhara boka neimwe ropafadzo dzevashandi kungoverenga nekuita kune mafaira mubhuku:
- chmod 755 dirname
- kubvumirana kwakakwana kwomuridzi asina kodzero yekuwana kana ropafadzo kune ani zvake:
- chmod 700 filename
- hapana kuwanika mafaira mune zvinyorwa zveboka kana vamwe vashandisi uye muridzi anoregererwa kuverenga nekuita maropafadzo ekudzivirira kuregererwa kwekukanganisa kana kuchinjwa kwefaira muhari:
- chmod 500 dirname
- kubvumira muridzi nemapoka kuverenga nekunyora kusvika kune faira, zvichibvumira vamwe vari muboka kuti vachinje kana kubvisa faira pamwe nemuridzi, asi vasina ruzivo rwevamwe vashandisi:
- chmod 660 filename