Sarudza kushandiswa uye kuwanikwa disk nzvimbo
Nzira yakakurumidza yekuwana pfupiso yeiyo inowanikwa uye yakashandiswa disk space pane Linux yako yekutonga ndeyokunyora mu df command mumutambo wekuguma. Mutemo df unomirira " d isk f system". Ne--h chisarudzo (df -h) inoratidza diski nzvimbo mu "fomu inooneka" inowanikwa munyaya ino, inokupa mauniti pamwe chete nenhamba.
Zvakabuda zve df command ndiro tafura ine ma column mana. Ikosi yekutanga ine faira system nzira, iyo inogona kureva kune diski yakaoma kana imwe kero yekuchengetedza, kana faira system yakabatanidzwa kunetaneti. Nyora yechipiri inoratidza kukwanisa kweyo faira system. Kirasi yechitatu inoratidza nzvimbo inowanika, uye muromo wekupedzisira unoratidza nzira iyo iyo faira yepamutemo yakaiswa. Nzvimbo yakakwirira ndiyo nzvimbo mumutauro wechirangaridzo uko iwe unogona kuwana nekuwana iyo faira system.
The du command, kune rumwe rutivi, inoratidza diski nzvimbo inoshandiswa nemafaira uye zvinyorwa mumutauro wenhasi. Zvakare che -h chisarudzo (df -h) chinoita kuti zvinyorwa zvive nyore kunzwisisa.
Nokusingaperi, du du command inonyora zvose zvinyorwa zvinyorwa kuratidza kuti yakawanda diski nzvimbo ipi neipi yagara. Izvi zvinogona kudziviswa ne--sarudzo (df -h -s). Izvi zvinongoratidza chidimbu. Nenzira iyo yakabatanidzwa disk nzvimbo inoshandiswa nezvose zvinyorwa. Kana iwe uchida kuratidza kushandiswa kwedhikiti yehuwandu (faira) kunze kwehuwandu hwezvino, iwe unongoisa iyo iyo zita rekutsva semagumo ekupedzisira. Semuenzaniso: du -h -s mifananidzo , apo "mifananidzo" ingangodaro ichinyorwa chendaneti.
Zvimwe Pamusoro peDf Command
Nokutadza, iwe unongoda kuona iyo inowanikwa yefaira mafaira iyo isiri iyo kana uchishandisa df command.
Iwe unokwanisa, zvisinei, kudzorera kushandiswa kwemashandisirwo ose emafaira kusanganisira maziso, zvinyorwa uye zvisingawanikwi mafaira emashandisi achishandisa imwe yemirairo inotevera:
df -a
df -all
Izvo zvataurwa pamusoro apa hazvingaiti sezvinobatsira kuvanhu vazhinji asi zvinotevera zvichaitika. Nokutadza, iyo yakashandiswa uye inowanikwa disk space yakarongedzwa mune bytes.
Iwe unogona, chokwadi, shandisa mirairo inotevera:
df-h
Izvi zvinoratidza zvakabuda mumutauro unogona kuverengwa zvakadai saiyo 546G, inowanika 496G. Izvozvi izvi zvave zvo mauniti emuyero akasiyana pane imwe neimwe yefaira.
Kuti uenzanise mauniti pasi pese mafaira emafaira iwe unogona kushandisa uchishandisa mirairo inotevera:
df -BM
df - kubvumira-size = M
I M inomirira megabytes. Iwe unogonawo kushandisa chero ipi zvayo maitiro akatevera:
- K = kilobytes
- M = Megabytes
- G = Gigabytes
- T = Terabytes
- P = Petabytes
- E = Exabyte
- Z = Zettabyte
- Y = Yottabyte
A kilobyte is 1024 bytes uye megabyte ine 1024 kilobytes. Unogona kushamisika kuti nei tichishandisa 1024 uye kwete 1000. Izvo zvose zvinoita nekunyorera kwekombiyuta. Unotanga pa2 uyezve 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512 uye 1024.
Vanhu, zvisinei, vanofanirwa kuverenga mu decimal uye saka isu tinoshandiswa kufunga muna 1, 10, 100, 1000. Unogona kushandisa murairo unotevera kuratidza hutsika mumutambo wepasimani kusingapesana nehuwandu hwebhanari. (kureva iyo inonyanya kukosha mumasimba e 1000 pane 1024).
df -H
df --si
Iwe uchawana kuti nhamba dzakadai sa 2.9G dzinosvika 3.1G.
Kubuda kunze kwe disk nzvimbo haisi iyo bedzi dambudziko raungatarisana nayo kana uchitamba Linux system. A Linux system inoshandisawo pfungwa yeiyo inodes. Nhamba yega yega yaunofamba inopiwa inode. Iwe unogona, zvisinei, unobatanidza zvakaoma pakati peefaira dzinoshandisa inodes.
Pane muganhu pane nhamba ye inodes faira system inogona kushandisa.
Kuti uone kana mafaira ako ari pedyo nekurova muganhu wavo ita mirairo inotevera:
df -i
df --inodes
Iwe unogona kuisa maitiro eDf command sezvinotevera:
df --output = FIELD_LIST
Zvisarudzo zviripo zveFIELD_LIST zvinotevera:
- tsime
- fstype
- itotal
- kushandiswa
- iavail
- ipcent
- ukuru
- used
- anobatsira
- pcent
- faira
- chinangwa
Iwe unogona kusanganisa chero chipi zvacho kana yese yeminda. Semuyenzaniso:
df --output = source, size, used
Iwe unogonawo kufarira kuona zviyero zvehutano pahwindo sezvakazara nzvimbo inowanikwa pane dzose dzefaira mafaira.
Kuita izvi zvinoshandisa murairo unotevera:
df --total
Nokusingaperi, df rwandu harwuratidze faira yehuwandu hwemhando. Iwe unokwanisa kubudisa faira yehutori hwese uchishandisa mirairo inotevera:
df-T
df --print-type
Iyo faira yepurogiramu yehurumende ichave yakadai se ext4, vfat, tmpfs
Kana iwe uchida kuwona ruzivo rweimwe rudzi iwe unogona kushandisa mirairo inotevera:
df -t ext4
dt --type = ext4
Zvimwe, unogona kushandisa mirairo inotevera kuti usabvisa mafaira.
df -x ext4
df --exclude-type = ext4
Zvimwe Pamusoro peLe du Command
The du command sekunge waverenga kare tsanangudzo dzine chokuita nefaira nzvimbo yekushandiswa pane rimwe bhuku rekunyora.
Nokusara mushure mechimwe chinhu chakanyorwa kadhi yemotokari inoratidzwa iyo inonyora chimwe chinhu chitsva pane imwe mutsara. Iwe unogona kusiya motokari inodzoka kuburikidza uchishandisa mirairo inotevera:
du -0
du --null
Izvi hazvibatsiri kunyanya kunze kwekuti iwe uchida kuona kushandiswa kwese zvakakurumidza.
Rimwe murairo unobatsira kukwanisa kuverenga nzvimbo yakatorwa nemafuta ose uye kwete kungofanirwa chete.
Kuti uite izvi shandisa mirairo inotevera:
du -a
du --all
Iwe unogona kunge uchida kuburitsa ruzivo urwu kune faira uchishandisa murairo unotevera:
du -a> filename
Sezvo ne df command, iwe unogona kutsanangura nzira iyo maitirwo anounzwa. Nokusingaperi, iri mumabhayiti asi iwe unogona kusarudza kilobytes, megabytes etc uchishandisa mirairo inotevera:
du -BM
du -block-size = M
Iwe unogonawo kuenda kune munhu anogona kuverengwa kuvanhu vakadai sa 2.5G vachishandisa mirairo inotevera:
du -h
du -human-readable
Kuti uwane chikamu pamagumo shandisa mirairo inotevera:
du-c
du --total