Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) ndiyo inowirirana yehutano yekutumira yekutumira mameseji pamakambani emabhizimisi uye Indaneti. SMTP yakatanga kugadzirwa kutanga kwema1980 uye inoramba iine imwe yemitemo yakakurumbira inoshandiswa munyika yose.
Imeyili software inowanzoshandisa SMTP pakutumira uye kana Post Post Protocol 3 (POP3) kana kuti Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) mvumo yekugamuchira mail. Pasinei nezera rayo, hapana nzira chaiye ye SMTP inowanikwa mukushandiswa kukuru.
Mashandiro anoita SMTP
Zvose zvemazuva ano mapurogiramu emaklayera emajeri anobatsira SMTP Zvirongwa zve SMTP zvakachengetwa mumuteereri we email zvinosanganisira kero ye IP ye SMTP server (pamwe chete neateri dze POP kana IMAP server yekugamuchira maimeri). Webhu-based based clients vanovhara kero ye server SMTP mukati mekugadzirisa kwavo, nepo PC makambani anopa SMTP zvirongwa zvinobvumira vashandisi kuti vatsanangure server yavo yekusarudza.
Shinda ye SMTP chaiyo inogona kuve yakatsaurirwa kushandiswa kweimeri motokari chete asi inowanzobatanidzwa pamwe nePOP3 uye dzimwe nguva dzimwe proxy server mabasa.
SMTP inosvika pamusoro peTCP / IP uye inoshandisa TCP pikishamba nhamba 25 yekutaurirana kwakakwana. Kuvandudza SMTP uye kubatsira kurwisa spam paInternet, maitiro akaenzanisira akagadzirawo TCP port 587 kutsigira zvimwe zvikamu zve protocol. Mamwe mapepa epaIndaneti, akadai seGmail, anoshandisa inozivikanwa yeTCP port 465 yeS SMTP.
SMTP Mirairo
Nhamba ye SMTP inotsanangura seti yemirairo - mazita emhando dzakasiyana dzemashoko anotumira maklayiti kune sevharesi yemeyili paanokumbira mashoko. Mirairo inowanzoshandiswa ndiyo:
- HELO neEHLO - mirairo iyo inotanga musangano mutsva weprotocol pakati pevatengi uye seva. Mutemo weEHLO unovakumbira kuti vataure nemamwe maitiro eS SMTP anowedzera ayo anobatsira
- MAIL - murairo wekutanga kutumira meseji
- RCPT - murairo wekupa imwe kero ye email yeaigamuchira mharidzo yazvino iri kugadzirirwa
- DATA - murairo unoratidza kutanga kwekutumira kwemashoko e-mail. Uyu murairo unotanga mutsara weimwe kana kupfuura inotevera-mharidzo imwe neimwe ine chikamu chemashoko. Mhedziso yekupedzisira mune zvakaenzana haina chinhu (ine nguva chete (.) Sekugumisa unhu) kuratidzira kuguma kwe-email.
- SHEET - paanenge achitumira email (mushure mokubudisa mirayiridzo MAIL), kana kuguma kwekubatana kwe SMTP kunogona kugadzirisa kuwirirana kana ikasangana nechikanganiso
- NOOP - isina chinhu ("hapana operation") shoko rakagadzirwa sechimiro cheping chekucherechedza kubvuma kweimwe chigumo chechikamu
- QUIT - inogumisa chirongwa cheprotocol
Munhu anogamuchira mirairo iyi anopindura kana kubudirira kana kukanganwa kode nhamba.
Matambudziko ne SMTP
SMTP haisi yakagadzirwa-mune kuchengeteka zvinhu. Internet spammers dzakagoneswa kushandisa SNMP munguva yakapfuura nekuunza mahombekombe akawanda emajeri asina kukodzera uye kuvanunura kuburikidza nemaseva SMTP akazaruka. Kudzivirirwa kuparadzi kwakavandudzwa kwemakore asi hazvina maturo. Zvakare, SMTP haina kudzivirira spammers kubva kuisa (kuburikidza nemirairo MAIL) fake "Kubva:" maizai e-email.