Mumakombiyuta ekutengesa , nhamba dzenhamba idzi chikamu chemashoko ekutaura anoshandiswa kuzivisa vanotumira uye vanogamuchira mharidzo. Ivo vanobatanidzwa neTCP / IP network connections uye vangave vakatsanangurwa semhando yekuwedzera kune imwe kero ye IP .
Nhamba dzepachikoro dzinobvumira zvibvumirano zvakasiyana pamakombiyuta imwe kugovana mitambo yenhare panguva imwe chete. Home network routers uye kombiyuta yepakombiyuta inoshanda pamwe nematokari aya uye dzimwe nguva inotsigira kugadzirisa zvirongwa zvemafoni.
Cherechedza: Networking ports is software-based uye isinganzwisisiki ports pechirangaridzo izvo zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvinoda kuvhara mutambo.
Mafambisi Anoshanda Sei
Nhamba dzepamusoro dzine chokuita nekambani yekukurukura . MuTCP / IP kusungirirana, zvose TCP neDPP zvinoshandisa zviyero zvavo zvezvikepe zvinoshanda pamwe neIndaneti.
Aya nhamba dzefodhi dzinoshanda sendiri dzakapeteredzwa. Sezvo bhizinesi foni switchboard inogona kushandisa nhamba huru yefoni uye igovera mumwe nomumwe mushandi nhamba yekuwedzera (seyero x100, x101, nezvimwe), saizvozvowo kombiyuta inogona kuva nekona huru uye seti yenhamba dzenhamba kuitira kubata kushamwaridzana kubuda uye kubuda .
Nenzira imwechete iyo nhamba imwe yefoni inogona kushandiswa kune vashandi vose muimba iyo, imwe kero ye IP inogona kushandiswa kutaurirana nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana zvekushandura shure kweimwe router; IP address inoshandisa iyo kombiyuta inosvika uye nhamba yechiteshi inoratidza nzvimbo chaiyo yekushandiswa.
Izvi ndezvechokwadi pasinei nokuti iri mumiririri wepombi, purogiramu yekutsvaga mafaira, web browser, nezvimwewo. Kana munhu akakumbira webhusaiti kubva kune web browser yavo, vari kutaurirana pamusoro pefodhi 80 yeHTTP , saka data inodzoserwa zvakare chikepe uye vakaratidza mukati megurogiramu inotsigira iyo port (web browser).
Mune zvose TCP neDPP, nhamba dzenhamba dzinotanga pa 0 uye dzinosvika kusvika 65535. Nhamba mumatsetse ezasi akazvitsaurira kune zvinyorwa zvepaIndaneti zvinowanzofanana nehanzvadzi 25 yeS SMTP uye pikicha 21 yeFTP .
Kuti uwane humwe hutano hunoshandiswa nemamwe mapurogiramu, tarisa mhando yedu yeHanorumbira TCP uye UDP Port Numeri . Kana uri kubata Apple software, ona TCP uye UDP Ports Dzakashandiswa Apple Software Products.
Apo Unogona Kuda Kutora Chibvumirano nePod Numbers
Nhamba dzepachikoro dziri kushandiswa nehutaneti hardware uye software zviripo. Vasingashandisi vashandisi vemusangano havaoni uye havadi kutora chero chinosanganisira kushanda kwavo.
Vanhu vanogona, kunyange zvakadaro, vanosangana nhamba dzenhamba dzenhamba mune dzimwe mamiriro ezvinhu:
- Vatungamiri veMatare vangave vachida kugadzirisa hutachiona kuenda mberi kuti kubvumira nhamba dzefodhi dzezvimwe zvibvumirano kuti zvipfuure kupisa moto . Pamba pamatarenda, mafambisi e-broadband anotsigira pamba kuenda mberi pakusarudza kwavo zviratidzo.
- Dzimwe nhepfenyuro dzemagetsi dzimwe nguva dzinoda kutsanangura nhamba dzenhamba mumutsetse wavo, zvakadai sezvigadzirwa zvechekete.
- Nhare ye URL yewebsite dzimwe nguva inoda imwe nhamba yeTCP yechipimo kuti iiswe. Somuenzaniso, http: // localhost: 8080 / inoshandisa TCP harus 8080 pane nzvimbo yekutengesa 80. Zvakare, izvi zvinowanzoonekwa munzvimbo dzekushandura software kunze kwekushandiswa kwese.
Kuvhura nekuvhara Ports
Nhengo dzekuchengeteka kwehutano zvakare dzinowanzokurukurirana nhamba yefodhi inoshandiswa sechinhu chinokosha chekurwisa kusagadzikana nekudzivirirwa. Migwagwa inogona kuenzanisirwa seyo yakazaruka kana yakavharwa, apo nzvimbo dzakasununguka dzinoshandiswa kushandiswa kwekuteerera kwezvitsva zvitsva zvekubatanidza uye mapeji akavharwa haaiti.
Imwe nzira inonzi network network scanning inoona magwaro ekuedza pane imwe nhamba yepamusoro pachayo kuti ione kuti zvikepe zvakasununguka. Nyanzvi dzevashandi vanoshandisa pikicha kuongorora sechirongwa chekuyera kufanana kwavo kune vanopikisa uye kazhinji vanovhara maranho avo nekuvhara matanho asiri anokosha. Vatengesi, ivowo, vanoshandisa pikicha yekuisa purogiramu kuti vaongorore magetsi ematokari akazaruka angave akashandiswa.
Mutemo weNetstat muWindows unogona kushandiswa kuona ruzivo rwekushanda kweTCP uye UDP.