Mutemo we Linux / Unix insmod unoisa mumutambo unotakura mumusasa unoita. insmod inoedza kubatanidza mumutsetse mukati memagetsi ekugadzirisa nekugadzirisa zviratidzo zvose kubva patafura yekernel yekufananidzira.
Kana zita remufodhi rakapiwa pasina mabhuku kana kurera , insmod ichatsvaga mu moduru mune dzimwe dzero dzese dzisina kukodzera. Nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana MODPATH inogona kushandiswa kudarika izvi zvisipo. Kana pane moderi yekugadzirisa faira yakadai se /etc/modules.conf iripo, inokunda nzira dzinotsanangurwa muMODPATH .
Nharaunda yakasiyana-siyana MODULECONF inogona kushandiswawo kusarudza faira yakasiyana-siyana kubva pane zvakashata /etc/modules.conf (kana /etc/conf.modules (yakaderedzwa)). Izvi zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nemamiriro okunze zvichapfuura zvese zvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa.
Kana nzvimbo yakasiyana-siyana inonzi UNAME_MACHINE inogadziriswa, modutils inoshandisa kukosha kwayo pane nzvimbo yemichina kubva kune uname () syscall. Izvi zvinonyanya kushandiswa paunenge uchiunganidza 64-bit modules mu 32-bit benzi nzvimbo kana zvimwewo, sarudza UNAME_MACHINE kune mhando yemamodules. Nhasi modutils haitsigire muchinjikwa wakakwana kuvaka ma modules, inongogumira pakusarudza pakati pe 32- na 64-bit zvinyorwa zvekuvakwa kwemagadziri.
Sarudzo
-e persist_name , --persist = persist_name
Inotsanangurira kuti kupi zvese zvinoramba zvichiwanikwa zvemu module zvinowanikwa kubva pane zvakatakurwa uye zvakanyorerwa kana izvi zvichisimudzirwa mumutodhi zvinodururwa. Iyi sarudzo inonyatsorasikirwa kana mumutsetse usina deta iripo. Dhiyabhorosi data inongororwa ne insmod kana iri sarudzo iripo, nekusingaperi insmod haigadziri kudarika deta.
Sezvakaita shorthand fomu , -e "" (tambo isina chinhu) inodudzirwa ne insmod sechikosha chekusimbiswa sezvinotsanangurwa mumamodules.conf , inoteverwa ne filename yemutauro maererano ne module search search iyo yakawanikwa, kusina chero kutevera ".gz", ".o" kana ".mod". Kana modules.conf inotsanangura " persistdir = " (kureva kupfuurira inzvimbo isina chinhu) ipapo iyi shorthand fomu inonyatsoratidzirwa. (Ona modules.conf (5).)
-f , - simba
Kuedza kuisa mutoro wacho kunyange kana shanduro yekernel inoshandiswa uye shanduro ye kernel iyo iyo module yakanyorwa haina kufanana. Izvi zvinongopfurikidza nekernel version chekucherechedza, haina mhinduro pane zita rechiratidzo chekuongorora. Kana mazita ekufananidzira mumutambo haafananidzi kernel saka hapana nzira yekumanikidzira insmod kuti iite mutsetse.
-h , --help
Ratidza muchidimbu chekusarudza uye pakarepo usiye.
-k , --autoclean
Isa gorosi-yakachena mureza pamutsetse. Iyi mureza ichashandiswa ne kerneld (8) kubvisa modules dzisina kushandiswa mune imwe nguva - kazhinji miniti imwe.
-L , - kuvhara
Shandisa boka (2) kudzivirira mitambo imwechete imwecheteyo.
-m , -map
Kubudisa mapeji ekutakura pane stdout, zvichiita kuti zvive nyore kubvisa gadziriro mumutambo wekernel panic.
-n , -noload
Dummy run, ita zvose kunze kwekutakura mutsetse mu kernel. Kana yakakumbirwa ne -m kana -O , kumhanya kuchabudisa mapeji kana kuti blob file. Sezvo mutsetse wacho usina kutakurwa, kero yechokwadi yekutengesa kernel haisati yazivikanwa saka mapu nefomu rebhubho zvakabva pane imwe nzvimbo yekutakura mutero we 0x12340000.
-o module_name , --name = module_name
Taura zita rayo, tarisa kuwana zita kubva kune zita rechengeti re source source file.
-O blob_name , --blob = blob_name
Chengetedza chinhu chebhinary mu blob_name . Chigumisiro ndechebhanari yebhanari (kwete EF headers) inoratidza chaizvo izvo zvinotakurwa mu kernel mushure mechikamu chekugadzirisa nekudzoka. Sarudzo -m inokurudzirwa kuwana mepu yechinhu.
-p , -probe
Shandisai modurusi kuti muone kana ichikwanisa kutakurwa zvakanaka . Izvi zvinosanganisira kutsvaga chinhu chakakodzwa mumugwagwa wemodhura, kutarisa nhamba yevhesi, nekugadzirisa zviratidzo. Haiti kutarisa kuendeswa kune dzimwe nyika kana kuti inoita mapeji kana kuti bhokisi reblogi.
-P chirevo chekutanga , --prefix = chirevo chekutanga
Iyi sarudzo inogona kushandiswa ne versioned modules ye SMP kana bigmem kernel, sezvo ma modules ane chiwedzera chechiwedzera chinowanikwa mumazita avo ekufananidzira. Kana iyo kernel yakavakwa nechiratidzo zvinyorwa ipapo insmod inongobvisa zvigadziro kubva pachirevo che "get_module_symbol" kana kuti "inter_module_get", rimwe rayo rinofanira kuva mune chero kernel inotsigira ma modules. Kana kernel isina zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa asi iyo moderi yakagadzirwa nechishamiso zvinyorwa ipapo mushumiri anofanira kupa -P .
-q , -quiet
Usapindira runyorwa rwezvimwe zviratidzo zvisati zvagadziriswa. Usanyunyuti pamusoro pehuwandu husina kunaka. Dambudziko rinongoratidzwa chete muhutano hwekubuda kwe insmod .
-r , - midzi
Vamwe vashandisi vanounganidza ma modules pasi pemudzimai asiri mudzidzi vozoisa ma modules semidzi. Izvi zvinogona kusiya ma modules ane aisati ari rootid userid, kunyange zvazvo modules directory inowanikwa nemidzi. Kana iyo isina-root userid yakagadziriswa, muchengeti anogona kunyora ma modules aripo aine userid uye anoshandisa izvi kuisa ku bootstrap kusvika pakuwana midzi.
Nokusakwanisa, modutils icharamba kuedza kushandisa sarurasi isiri yeimba. Kunyatsotarisa -r kuchagadzirisa cheki uye kubvumira midzi kutakura modules iyo isiri yevudzi. Cherechedza: kukosha kwemukati chekuongorora hunogona kuchinjwa kana modutils yakagadzirirwa.
Kushandisa -r kuvhiringidza midzi yekuongorora kana kuisa yakashata kuti "hapana mudziyo wekutarisa" panguva yekugadzirisa ndeyekudzivirirwa kwekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengeteka uye hakurudzirwi.
-s , - syslog
Kubudisa zvinhu zvose kuti syslog (3) panzvimbo yechitubu.
-S , -kallsyms
Simbisa mutoro wakatakurwa kuti uwane kallsyms data, kunyange kana kernel isingatsigire. Iyi sarudzo ndeyemagetsi maduku uko kernel inotakurwa kunze kwemashoko e- kallsyms asi akasarudzwa ma modules anoda kallsyms yekugadzirisa. Izvi zvinoshandiswa paRuffer Hat Linux.
-v , --verbose
Be verbose.
-V , --version
Ratidza shanduro ye insmod .
-X , - Export ; -x , - kwete
Ita uye usatengese kunze kwemasimiriro ekunze zviratidzo, zvichienderana. Zvisizvo ndezvokuti zviratidzo zvidzingwe kutengeswa. Iyi sarudzo inoshanda chete kana gadziriro yacho isingatauri zvakananga yayo yakarongedzerwa patafura yemafuta, uye saizvozvo yakaderedzwa.
-Y , --ksymoops ; -y , - noksymoops
Ita uye usawedzera ksymoops zviratidzo kune ksyms. Izvi zviratidzo zvinoshandiswa na ksymoops kuti ipe kugadzirisa zviri nani kana pane Oops iri mumutsetse. Izvo zvisiri izvo ndezvokuti ksymoops zviratidzo zvinotsanangurwa. Iyi sarudzo yakasununguka pane-- X / -x zvisarudzo.
ksymoops zviratidzo inowedzera anenge 260 bytes per loaded module. Kunze kwekuti iwe uri pfupi pa kernel nzvimbo uye uri kuedza kuderedza ksyms kusvika pauwandu hwahwo hutatu, tora zvisizvo uye uwane zvakanyatsokwana Oops kukanganisa. ksymoops zviratidzo zvinotarisirwa kuchengetedza purogiramu yemododhi.
-N , -numeric-chete
Chengetedza chikamu chechikamu chemuchina we module pane kernel version, kureva kurega EXTRAVERSION paunosarudza kana modurusi ndeye kernel. Iyi mureza inongorongedzerwa kernel 2.5 zvichienda mberi, iyo inosarudzwa kune dzimwe nguva dzekare.
Module Parameters
Mamwe ma modules anobvuma mitemo-nguva yekugadzirisa kushandiswa kwavo. Izvi zvinowanzova I / O pari uye nhamba dzeIrQ dzinoshandiswa kubva kumashini kumashini uye hazvigoni kutsanangurwa kubva pane hardware.
Mumamodules akavakirwa mazvikamu gumi nemaviri, nhamba ipi neipi kana chimiro chekuita chimiro chinogona kutorwa sechirongwa uye chakashandurwa. Kutangira mu 2.1 nhungamidzo dzakasiyana, zviratidzo zvinotsanangurwa zvakajeka semiganhu kuitira kuti hutsika humwe chete hugone kuchinjwa. Uyezve, chengetedza ruzivo rwakapiwa kuti uone hutsika hunoitwa panguva yakatarwa.
Mune mamiriro ezvinhu, zviyero zvese zvingave zviri kudarika, octal kana hexadecimal neC: 17, 021 kana 0x11. Zvirongwa zvepakati zvinongororwa zvakajeka zvakaparadzaniswa nemakasi. Zvinhu zvinogona kuderedzwa nokusiya kushandira.
Muna 2.0 series modules, tsika dzisingatangi neenhamba dzinoonekwa sedambo. Kutanga muna 2.1, ruzivo rwemhando yeparamende inoratidza kana kuti kududzira kukosha seyetani. Kana kukosha kunotanga nekaviri-quotes ( " ), tambo inodudzirwa seC, matanho ekupukunyuka uye yose.Cherechedza kuti kubva pamba yekugovera, zvinyorwa zvayo zvingada kudzivirirwa kubva kunotsanangurwa kweganda.
GPL Inodhevedzwa Modules uye Symbols
Kutanga ne kernel 2.4.10, ma modules anofanirwa kuva neketeri yeketani, inotsanangurwa uchishandisa MODULE_LICENSE () . Tsamba dzinoverengeka dzinozivikanwa seGPL inobvumirana; chero ipi zvayo yeisensi yeketani kana kuti hapana chero reisensi pane zvose zvinoreva kuti modurusi inotorwa seimba.
Kana kernel inotsigira / proc / sys / kernel / tainted flag ipapo insmod inenge OR iyo yakasvibiswa mureza pamwe ne'1 'apo inotakura mutumbi pasina GPL. Nyevero inobhadharwa kana kernel inotsigira tainting uye modurudhi inotakurwa isina cheisi. Nyevero inowanzopiwa ma modules ane MODULE_LICENSE () iyo isiri GPL inowirirana, kunyange kune dzimwe dzera dzekare dzisingatsigiri kutengesa. Izvi zvinoderedza nyevero kana imwe modutils inoshandiswa pamakore ekure.
insmod -f (simba) mamiriro achaita OR iyo yakasvibiswa mureza ne '2' pamakumbo anotsigira kuveura. Iyo nguva dzose inopa nyevero.
Vamwe vanowedzera kernel vanoda kuti zviratidzo zvinotengeswa nemitemo yavo zvinofanira kungoshandiswa chete nemamodules neine GPL inobvumirana. Izvi zviratidzo zvinotengeswa ne EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL panzvimbo yezvinodiwa EXPORT_SYMBOL . GPL-chete zviratidzo zvinotengeswa ne kernel uye nedzimwe ma modules zvinongoratidzwa ma modules neGPL-inobvumirana neisense, idzi zviratidzo zvinowanikwa mune / proc / ksyms nechikamu chekutanga che ' GPLONLY_ '. insmod anozvidza gPLONLY_ chimbichimbi pazviratidzo paanenge achikwanisa modha yeGPL yakabvumirwa kuitira kuti modhi inongoreva zita rinowanzofananidzira, pasina chirevo. GPL chete zviratidzo hazviwanikwi kuwanikwa pamamodulesi pasina Gwaro rekushandisa rinoenderana neGPL, izvi zvinosanganisira ma modules asina cheisi zvachose.
Ksymoops Mutsigiro
Kubatsira nekubvisa kernel Oops paunenge uchishandisa modules, insmod inofanirwa kuwedzera zvimwe zviratidzo kune ksyms, ona-- Y chisarudzo. Aya zviratidzo anotanga ne __insmod_modulename_ . Modulename inofanirwa kuita kuti zviratidzo zvive zvakasiyana. Zviri pamutemo kutakudza chinhu chimwe chete kupfuura kamwechete pasi pemazita emadzimai akasiyana. Parizvino, zvinotsanangurwa zviratidzo ndezvi:
__insmod_modulename_Oobjectfile_Mmtime_Vversion
chinosvibisa ndiro zita refaira kuti chinhu ichocho chakatakurwa kubva. Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti ksymoops inogona kufanana nekodhi kune chinhu chakanaka. mtime ndiyo yekupedzisira kugadziriswa timestamp pane iyo faira mu hex, zero kana mutemo wakakundikana. shanduro ndiyo kernel version iyo module yaive yakanyorerwa, -1 kana pasina shanduro iripo. I- _I chiratidzo chinotarisa kero yekutanga se module module.
__insmod_modulename_Ssectionname_Llength
Ichi chiratidzo chinooneka pakutanga kweEFF zvikamu, ikozvino .text, .rodata, .data, .bss uye .sbss. Iyo inongowanikwa chete kana chikamu chine usingadi zero. chikamu chezita ndiro zita reEFF chikamu, kureba kureba kwechikamu chiri mu decimal. Aya zviratidzo anobatsira ksymoops mapepa mapeji kune zvikamu kana pasina zviratidzo zviripo.
__insmod_modulename_Ppersistent_filename
Inongosikwa chete ne insmod kana iyo moduku ine imwe kana kupfuura mitemo iyo inoratidzirwa se data inoramba ichinyorwa uye filename kuti ichengetedze dambudziko rinoramba riripo (ona -i , pamusoro) iripo.
Icho chinetso chinetso nekugadzirisa kernel Oops mu modules ndeyekuti zvinyorwa zve / proc / ksyms uye / proc / modules zvinogona kuchinja pakati peEops uye kana iwe uchitarisa faira regiyo. Kuti ubatsire kukunda dambudziko iri, kana iyo directory / var / log / ksymoops iripo iyo insmod uye rmmod ichinyatsokopa / proc / ksyms uye / proc / modules ku / var / log / ksymoops nechinhu chokutanga che `date +% Y% m % d% H% M% S`. Mutongi wehurongwa anogona kutaurira ksymoops iyo inobatanidza mafaira ekushandisa pakushandura Oops. Hapana chigadziro chekudzivirira iyo kopi inotsvaga. Kana iwe usingadi kuti zviitike, usasimudze / var / log / ksymoops . Kana iyo iyo mabhuku aripo, inofanira kunge inowanikwa nemidzi uye ive yemhando 644 kana 600 uye iwe unofanirwa kumhanya script iyi mazuva ose kana zvakadaro. Iko script iri pasi apa yakaiswa se insmod_ksymoops_clean .
Basic Information To Know
ZITA
insmod - install loadable kernel module
SYNOPSIS
insmod [-fhkLmnpqrsSvVxXyYN] [-e persist_name ] [-o module_name ] [-O blob_name ] [-P chikwata chekutanga ] [ symbol = value ...]