Iko GNU ar program inogadzira , inoshandura, uye inotsvaga kubva mumabhuku ezvinyorwa. An archive iyo faira imwe inobata kuunganidza kweimwe mafaira muchigadziro chinoita kuti zvikwanise kuwana mafaira ekutanga (anonzi nhengo dze archive).
Overview
Zvinyorwa zvepakuvamba 'zviri mukati, mvumo (zvibvumirano), timestamp, menzi, uye boka zvakachengetwa muzvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza, uye zvinogona kudzorerwazve pakubviswa.
GNU ar inogona kuchengetedza nhoroondo yemamiti ayo ane mazita emhando ipi zvayo; zvisinei, zvichienderana nekuti ar inogadziriswa sei paurongwa hwako, muganhu wehuwandu hwemashoko hunogona kugadziriswa kuti huenderane neyekuchengetedzwa kwezvinyorwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwakachengetedzwa nemamwe maturusi. Kana iripo, muganhu kazhinji unowanikwa maitiro 15 (anowanzoita maitiro akaenzana ne a.out) kana mavara 16 (zvinowanzoita maitiro akaenzana nevhavha).
ar inonzi inoshandiswa mubhuku nekuti mabhuku ezvinyorwa zvakadaro anowanzoshandiswa sematarenda ane maitiro anowanzodiwa.
ar inogadzira mutsara kune zvimiridzo zvinotsanangurwa mumutambo wekugadzirisa zvinhu mumabhuku ekuchengetedza apo iwe unotsanangura shanduri s . Kana yakasikwa, ino index inoshandiswa muzvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza chero nguva iyo iyo ichiita shanduko kune zvayo zviri mukati (chengetedza iyo q update operation). An archive ine chinyorwa ichi chinomhanya ichikwirirana neraibhurari, uye inobvumira zvinyorwa muraibhurari kuti zvidane mumwe nomumwe kunze kwekufunga nezvekuiswa kwavo mune archive.
Iwe unogona kushandisa nm -s kana nm -print-armap kuti urenge iyi tafura ye index. Kana imwe archive isina tefura, imwe nzira year inonzi ranlib inogona kushandiswa kuwedzera chete tafura.
GNU ar yakagadzirirwa kuti ienderane nezvivako zviviri zvakasiyana. Iwe unogona kudzora basa rayo uchishandisa nzira dzemirairo dzemirairo, semhando dzakasiyana dze ar pane Unix systems ; kana, kana iwe uchitaura chete mutemo mumwechete -kombe--Munokwanisa kuutora ne script inowanikwa kuburikidza nehuwandu hwekupinza, seMRI `` library '' purogiramu.
SYNOPSIS
ar [ -X32_64 ] [ - ] p [ mod [ relpos ] [ count ] archive [ nhengo ...]
MASHOKO
GNU ar inokubvumira kusanganisa kodhi yekushanda p uye kugadzirisa mapegi emodhi chero ipi zvayo, mukati mokutanga mutsara wemirairo.
Kana uchida, unogona kutanga mutemo wekutanga-mutsara wemutsetse ne dash.
Iyo p keyletter inotsanangura kuti chii chinoshandiswa pakuvhiya; inogona kuva chero ipi zvayo inotevera, asi iwe unofanira kutsanangura chimwe chete chazvo:
d
Dzinga ma modules kubva pane archive. Taura mazita ema modules kuti abviswe senhengo ...; iyo archive haina kubvunzwa kana iwe uchitaura kuti hapana mafaira ekubvisa.
Kana iwe uchitaura v v kuchinja, ar inonyora mushure mega roga sezvo ichibviswa.
m
Shandisa chirwere ichi kuti uende nhengo muzvinyorwa.
Kurongeka kwemitezo muzvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza kunogona kuita mutsauko mune zvirongwa zvinosanganiswa sei uchishandisa mabhizinesi, kana chiratidzo chinotsanangurwa mune imwe nhengo.
Kana kusina kuchinja kunoshandiswa ne "m", nhengo chero ipi zvayo yaunodaro mu nhengo dze nhengo dzinoshandiswa kusvika kumagumo ezvinyorwa; unogona kushandisa a , b , kana kuti i modifiers kuti uende kune imwe nzvimbo panzvimbo.
p
Dhinda zvinyorwa zvakajeka zvezvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza, kusvika kune zvakasvibirirwa faira. Kana v v kugadzirisa ichitsanangurwa, ratidza zita remu memunhu asati agadzirisa zviri mukati mazvo.
Kana iwe uchitaura kuti hapana nhengo dzemakakatanwa, mafaira ose ari mu archive akadhindwa.
q
Kurumidza kuwedzera ; Nhoroondo yekare, wedzera nhengo yefaira ... kusvika pakuguma kwezvinyorwa , pasina kutarisa kwekugadzirisa.
The modifiers a , b , uye ini handigadziri basa iri; nhengo itsva dzinogara dzichiiswa pamagumo ezvinyorwa.
The modifier v inoita ar list yefaira rimwe nerimwe sezvainenge yaiswa.
Sezvo chinangwa chekuvhiya uku chirikukurumidzira, iyo chinyorwa chekuchengetedzwa kwetafura yeiyo archive haisi kushandiswa, kunyange kana yakatovepo; iwe unogona kushandisa ar s kana ranlib zvakajeka kuti uvandudze firati yemufananidzo wekufananidzira .
Kunyange zvakadaro, zvirongwa zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana zvinotanga kukurumidza kusimbisa zvakare kuvaka nhamba, saka GNU ar inoshandisa "q" sechirevo che "r".
r
Isai nhengo yefaira ... mu archive (pamwe nekuchinja ). Kuvhiya uku kunopesana ne q mukuti chero nhengo dzekare dzaive dziripo dzinobviswa kana mazita avo achifananidza avo vari kuwedzerwa.
Kana imwe yefaira inonzi inhengo ... haisipo, ar inoratidza mhosho yemashoko, uye inosiya kusagadzikana chero nhengo dziripo dze archive inoenderana nezita iroro.
Nokusingaperi, nhengo itsva dzinowanikwa pakuguma kwefaira; asi unogona kushandisa imwe ye modifiers a , b , kana ini kuti ndikumbire kuiswa kune imwe nhengo iripo.
Shanduro yekushandura v yakashandiswa pamwe nekushanda ichi inoita mutsara wekubudiswa kwefaira rimwe nerimwe rakaiswa, pamwe neimwe yetsamba a kana r kuratidzira kana faira yakabatanidzwa (hapana munhu wekare akadzingwa) kana kuti akatsiviwa.
t
Ratidza tafura inorongedza zvinhu zviri muzvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza , kana izvo zvemafaira akanyorwa munhengo ... izvo zviripo mune archive. Kazhinji chete zita renhengo rinoratidzwa; kana iwewo uchida kuona ma modes (permissions), timestamp, muridzi, boka, uye ukuru, unogona kukumbira izvozvo nekuratidza v v kugadzirisa .
Kana iwe usingarevi nhengo , mafaira ose mu archive akanyorwa.
Kana pane pane imwe faira ine zita rimwe chete (taura, fie ) mune imwe nhoroondo yekare (taurai), t t ba fie inongori chete yekutanga; kuti uvaone vose, unofanirwa kukumbira rondedzero yakakwana --- mumuenzaniso wedu, t t ba .
x
Bvisai nhengo (dzinonzi nhengo ) kubva mune zvinyorwa. Iwe unogona kushandisa v v kuchinja pamwe nekushanda uku, kukumbira kuti ar inyore zita roga roga kana richirikunyora.
Kana iwe usingarevi nhengo , mafaira ose ari mu archive anotsvaga.
Chimwe chimiro chekuchinja ( mod ) chinogona kutevera pakarepo tsamba yep key, kurondedzera kusiyana kwehutano hwekuita:
a
Wedzera mafaira matsva mushure memunhu aripo we archive. Kana iwe uchishandura modifier a , zita rekune nhengo ye archive iripo inofanirwa kuvapo sechirongwa chekuregera , kusati kwanyatsorondedzerwa .
b
Wedzera mafaira matsva musati mava nhengo ye archive. Kana iwe ukashandisa shanduko b , zita rekune nhengo ye archive inenge iripo inofanira kunge iripo senyaya yezvakanyorwa , pamberi pekuchengetedzwa kwezvinyorwa . (zvakafanana nei ).
c
Dzai archive. Iyo yakarongerwa archive inogara yakasikwa kana yakange isipo, apo iwe unokumbira kuvandudzwa. Asi nyevero inobviswa kunze kwekuti iwe uchitaura mberi kuti iwe unotarisira kuisika, uchishandura iyi shanduko.
f
Tora mazita muzvinyorwa. GNU ar inowanzobvumira mazita emafaira ehupi hurefu. Izvi zvichaita kuti zvive zvinyorwa zvekuchengetedza zvisingabvumirwi nehurumende yezvakanyorwa pane mamwe maitiro. Kana izvi zvakakonzera, f firipi ingashandiswa kutumira mazita emafaira painoiisa muzvinyorwa.
i
Isa mafaira matsva musati mava nhengo ye archive. Kana iwe ukashandisa shanduko i , zita rechiripo chinyorwa chekuchengetedza inofanirwa kunge chiripo sechirongwa chekuregera , kusati kwarondedzero ye archive . (zvakafanana b ).
l
Iyi modifier inogamuchirwa asi isiri kushandiswa.
N
Inoshandisa count parameter. Izvi zvinoshandiswa kana pane zvinyorwa zvizhinji mu archive ine zita rimwe chete. Bvisa kana kuvhara muenzaniso wechiverengero chezita rakapiwa kubva muzvinyorwa.
o
Chengetedza mazuva ekutanga emitezo paunenge uchibvisa. Kana iwe usingatauri iyi shanduro, mafaira akabudiswa kubva ku archive anotsinhirwa nenguva yekubviswa.
P
Shandisa zita rakakwana rezita kana uchitanidza mazita muzvinyorwa. GNU ar haigoni kuumba archive ine zita rakakwana remazita (zvakadaro zvinyorwa hazvisi POSIX kukanganisa), asi vamwe vanyori vekuchengetedza vanogona. Iyi sarudzo ichaita kuti GNU ar ifanane mazita emafaira achishandisa zita rakakwana rezita, iro rinogona kuva rakanaka kana uchibvisa faira imwe kubva pane zvakachengetwa zvakagadzirwa nedzimwe shandiswa.
s
Nyora chinyorwa-faira yeiyo mu archive, kana kuti uvandudze imwe iripo, kunyange kana pasina imwe shanduko inogadzirwa kune archive. Iwe unogona kushandisa iri shanduko yemureza kana chero basa, kana roga. Running ar s pane archive yakaenzana nekumhanya ranlib pairi.
S
Usaita gwaro rekufananidzira rekuchengetedza. Izvi zvinogona kukurumidza kuvaka chiraibhurari chikuru mumatanho akawanda. Nzvimbo yekuchengetedzwa kwe archive haigone kushandiswa ne-linker. Kuti ugadzire tafura yezvimiridzo , unofanira kusiya S shanduri pane yekupedzisira kugadzirisa ar , kana kuti unofanira kumhanya ranlib pane archive.
u
Kazhinji, ar r ... inoshandisa mafaira ose akanyorwa muzvinyorwa. Kana iwe uchida kuisa chete iyo yeiyo mafaira aunonyora ayo ari matsva kupfuura aya aripo mazita emamwe mazita, shandisa iyi modifier. Iwe u modifier unobvumirwa chete nekushanda r (kutora). Kunyanya, kusanganiswa kwekuti hakubvumirwi, sezvo kutarisa matestamps aizorasikirwa chero ipi zvayo inoshandiswa kubva pakushanda q .
v
Iyi modifier inokumbira verbose version yebasa. Mabasa akawanda anoratidza humwe huwandu hwemashoko , zvakadai sefesameames yakagadziridzwa, apo modifier v inowedzerwa.
V
Iri shanduro rinoratidza nhamba yehuwandu ye ar .
Ar inotora imwe nzira yekutanga spelled -X32_64 , nokuda kwekuenderana neAIX. Iyo nzira yakabudiswa nechisarudzo iyi ndiyo yakashata yeGNU ar . ar haitsigire chimwe chezvimwe -X zvisarudzo; kunyanya, haitsigire -X32 iyo ndiyo inokonzerwa neAIX ar .
Zvinonyanya kukosha: Shandisa mutemo wevanhu ( % munhu ) kuti uone kuti murairo unoshandiswa sei pane imwe kombiyuta.