Inonzi Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) inounganidza pasi rose rekubatana kwepakutanga yakagadzirirwa kutsigira mutauro-switching kutaura kwezwi. PSTN inopa tsika dzepamutemo Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS) - inozivikanwawo sebasa rekufambisa foni - kune zvigaro zvekugara uye dzimwe nzvimbo dzakawanda. Zvikamu zvePSTN zvinoshandiswawo paIndaneti kuwirirana kwemashumiro anosanganisira Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) uye Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) .
PSTN ndeimwe yenheyo yehutano ye telefony - electronic voice communications. Kunyange zvazvo maitiro epakutanga e telefony kusanganisira PSTN ose aivimba nezviratidzo zveanalogo, mazuva ano teknolojia yefoni inoshandisa zviratidzo zvekudhiridzira, kushanda nedhidhiyo yedhidhiyo, uyewo kutsigira internet kuwirirana. Kubudiswa kweInternet telephony kunobvumira zvose inzwi uye deta kuti zvigoverane maitiro akafanana, kutenderera kwekuti inyika yekutengeserana yepasi rese iri kuenda kune (nekuda kwezvikonzero zvikwereti zvemari). Chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kukosha muIndaneti foni ndeyokuti iite zvakaenzana zvakanyanya kuvimbika uye hutano hwakanaka hwokuti tsika dzetsika dzedzinza dzakawanikwa.
Nhoroondo yePSTN Technology
Nhare dzedhare dzakaparidzirwa pasi rose munguva dzema1900 sezvo terefoni dzakagadziriswa mumisha. Nhare dzedhare dzedhare dzakashandiswa kuzivikanwa kwekufananidzira asi zvishoma nezvishoma dzakagadziridzwa kushandiswa kwehupfumi hwehupfumi. Vanhu vakawanda vanoshamwaridzana nePSTN nemhangura yechiramu inowanikwa mumisha yakawanda kunyange zvazvo PSTN yemazuva ano inoshandiswa zvakare inoshandisa fiber optic cables uye inobva mumhangura chete kune iyo inonzi "makiraira ekupedzisira" ekutengesa pakati peimba uye muterevhizheni aripo anobatsira.PSTN inoshandisa SS7 signaling protocol.
Mhuri PSTN terefoni dzakadhindwa mumasvingo emadziro akaiswa mudzimba achishandisa tambo dzefoni neRJ11 connectors. Nzvimbo dzekugara dzisingagara dziine jacks munzvimbo dzose dzakanaka, asi vimba vepamba vanogona kuisa majacks avo efoni nehumwe ruzivo rwemagetsi ekugadzira wiring.
Rimwe PSTN link rinotsigira 64 kilobiti pamusi wechipiri (Kbps) yebhanwidth yedata. PSTN mutsara wefoni inogona kushandiswa nemasikirwo ekudhinda-up network modems ekubatanidza kombiyuta kuInternet. Mumazuva okutanga eWebw World Wide (iyi WWW) , iyi ndiyo ndiyo nzira yepamusoro yekutengesa kwepaIndaneti asi yakagadziriswa nemashandisirwo eInternband yeInternet. Dial-up Internet connections yakasimudzwa kusvika 56 Kbps.
PSTN vs. ISDN
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) yakagadzirwa seimwe nzira yePSTN iyo inopa hurumende yese inoshandiswa uye inotsigirawo dhigiriyamu yedhesi. ISDN yakave yakakurumbira mumabhizimisi makuru nekuda kwekukwanisa kwayo kutsigira nhamba huru dzefoni nebhadha yekugadzirisa pasi. Yakapiwawo kune vatengi seimwe nzira yekutambira Indaneti inotsigira 128 Kbps.
PSTN vs. VoIP
Inzwi pamusoro peInternet Protocol (VoIP) , dzimwe nguva zvakare inonzi IP telephony , yakagadzirirwa kutora nhare dzekutengesa foni dzePSTN uye ISDN ne packet switched system inobva Internet Protocol (IP) . Zvizvarwa zvekutanga zveVoIP maitirwo akabatwa nekuvimbika uye nehutano hwehutano hwakanaka asi zvishoma nezvishoma zviri nani kupfuura nguva.