Nhungamiro Yakakosha Ku Linux Operating System

by Gary Newell

Inotevera urongwa hunotsanangura zvinhu izvo vashandisi vanoda kuziva vasati vaisa Linux.

Iwe uchawana pano mhinduro kumibvunzo yakawanda yakawanda kusanganisira chii chiri izvo zvinhu zveLinux zvakadaro, chii chiri musiyano pakati peLuxux neGNU / Linux, chii chiri kugoverwa kweLinux uye nei kune vakawanda vavo?

01 ye15

Chii Chinonzi Linux?

Chii Chinonzi Linux.

Linux, kufanana neWIndows is system operating.

Izvo zvinopfuura izvozvo kunyange zvakadaro. Linux ndiyo injini inoshandiswa kusimba magadzirirwo emashandisirwo emagetsi, anozivikanwa sekuparadzirwa, zvakadai seUbuntu, Red Hat uye Debian.

Inoshandiswawo kusimbisa Android iyo inoshandiswa mufoni uye mahwendefa.

Linux inoshandiswawo kuisa vakachenjera mune smart teknolojia yakadai semavhidhiyo, fridges, kupisa magetsi uye kunyange magetsi.

Ndanyora murayiridzo wakakwana kune "Linux Chii" pano .

02 ye15

Chii chinonzi GNU / Linux?

Linux Vs GNU / Linux.

Kazhinji Linux inoshandiswa seyo kubata-nguva yose yezvirongwa zvose uye zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa kuita desktop ye Linux kuti chii.

Iko GNU project inogadzirisa nhamba yakawanda yezvishandiso zvakaendeswa pamwe ne Linux kernel.

Kazhinji, paunonzwa izwi rokuti GNU / Linux rinofananidza ne Linux uye dzimwe nguva kana ukangoshandisa izwi rokuti Linux mumwe munhu achasvetuka kwauri ndokuti "iwe unoreva GNU / Linux".

Handingatongotyi zvakanyanya pamusoro pazvo, zvakadaro. Vanhu kazhinji vanotaura shoko rokuti hoover kana vachireva vacuum cleaner, kana Sellotape kana vachireva tepi inonamatira.

03 we15

Chii Chinonzi Linux Distribution?

Linux Distributions.

Pa Linux yayo pachayo haisi iyo yose inobatsira. Iwe unoda kuwedzera mamwe mapurogiramu uye zvigadziri kwairi kuitira kuti uite zvauri kuda kuti zvive.

Semuenzaniso, firiji ye Linux yakashandiswa haizoshanda ne Linux chete. Mumwe munhu anofanira kunyora mapurogiramu nemadhini ekugadzirisa anodiwa kuti atarisire thermostat, yakabudisa chiratidzo chinoratidza kutengesa uye zvimwe zvinhu zvose zvinofungidzirwa kuita friji smart .

Linux distributions zviri pamwoyo yavo Linux kernel, pamwe neGNU matongerwo akawedzerwa kumusoro uye zvakare imwe yezvimwe zvivako izvo vashanduri vakasarudza kuunganidza pamwe chete kuti vazogovera.

Dhiyosiyo Linux kugoverwa inowanzovakwa nemamwe kana matese ese anotevera:

The Linux kernel
GNU / Tools
A manager display
A manager window
A desktop desktop
An installer
Package managers
Desktop software yakadai seofisi suites, email maklayi, web browser, vhidhiyo, vatambi vemavhidhiyo, nezvimwe

04 we15

Sei Kune Linou Kuwanda Kwazvo Kugoverwa?

Linux Distributions.

Uyu mubvunzo wakanaka uye imwe haisi nyore nyore kupindura.

Munhu wose ane maonero ake pane zvavanoda kuti chirongwa chekushanda chiite uye kupfuura izvo vanhu vane zvido zvakasiyana.

Semuenzaniso, vamwe vanhu vane makombiyuta ane simba saka vanoda zvinhu zvose zvichinyatsooneka zvinyorwa asi vamwe vachave netbook yakaderera pasi.

Pakarepo, kubva pamuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa, unogona kuona kukosha kwekuparadzirwa kweLuxux mbiri.

Vamwe vanhu vanoda kuva nehuwandu hwepurogiramu yekurumidza nokukurumidza apo inowanikwa apo vamwe vachida software inoshamisa. Kugoverwa kwevakawanda kunongovapo chete nokuti vanopa maitiro akasiyana ekusimudzira.

Fedora, somuenzaniso, ane zvese zvitsva asi Debian yakanyatsogadzikana asi ine yekare software.

Linux inopa zvakawanda zvakasarudzwa. Kune dzakawanda mawindo emaenenja uye nzvimbo dzepakombiyuta (usanetseka tichazoenda kune zvavari pfupi).

Zvimwe zvipo zvinowanikwa nokuti zvinoshandisa imwe nzvimbo yekodhidhiki iyo imwe inogona kushandisa imwe nzvimbo yemadhorogi.

Kazhinji, kuparadzirwa kwevakawanda uye kwepamusoro kunowedzera nekuti vakukudzi vakawana niche.

Zvakawanda semabhizimisi uye mapoka emapapu, akawanda ekuparadzanisa kweLinux haapukunyuki asi kune mamwe makuru makuru eLuxux ayo achave aripo kune ramangwana rakatarisika.

05 of 15

Ndeipi Linux Distribution Ndinofanira Kushandisa?

Distrowatch.

Izvi zvichida mibvunzo yakabvunzwa kunyanya paRuddit, Quora, uye Yahoo mhinduro uye ndeyechokwadi mubvunzo wandinowana unobvunzwa zvikuru.

Uyuwo mubvunzo unenge usingabviri kupindura nokuti sezvo nharo 4 inotaura kuti munhu wose ane zvido zvakasiyana.

Ndanyora murayiridzi unoratidza kuti ungasarudza sei kugoverwa kweLinux asi pakupera kwezuva iyo ichisarudzo chaunoda.

Izvo zvakaparidzirwa kushandiswa kwevashandisi vatsva ku Linux zvinosanganisira Ubuntu, Linux Mint, PCLinuxOS uye Zorin OS.

Zano rangu nderokuenda kuDespatchatch, tarisa mahofisi pasi nechokurudyi, verenga tsanangudzo dzekugoverwa, edza kugovera mashomanana mu Virtualbox uye uite pfungwa dzako sekuti chii chakanakodzera iwe.

06 of 15

Iko Linux Ichokwadi Zvekusununguka Here?

Is Linux Free.

Pane mazwi maviri aunowanzowanzwa pamusoro pe Linux:

Kusununguka sezvinoitwa muropa
Kusununguka sekutaura

Mashoko aya anorevei chaizvoizvo?

Kusununguka sezvinongoita doro zvinoreva here kuti zvinodhura chero mari inoshandiswa kushandisa. Kana iwe uchifunga pamusoro payo nenzira yakakodzera doro haina kusununguka. Iwe kazhinji unofanirwa kubhadhara doro. Saka kana mumwe munhu achikupai bheri pasina, iwe ungashamisika.

Hey, fungidzira chii? Zvizhinji zveLinux zvinoparidzirwa zvinopiwa pachena uye zvinofungidzirwa naizvozvo kuti dzakasununguka sezvinongoita doro.

Kune mamwe mavhesi eLinux anokwereta mari yakadai seRud Hat Linux neElive asi vazhinji vanopiwa pachena musinoshandiswa.

Vakasununguka semutauro wekutaura kunoreva kuti unoshandisa sei zvikamu zvinoumba Linux zvakadai seshandiswa, kero yekodhi, zvinyorwa, mifananidzo nezvimwe zvose.

Kana iwe ukakwanisa kutora, kuronga nekudzosazve chimwe chinhu chakafanana nemagwaro acho zvino izvi zvinoonekwa sekusununguka sekutaura.

Heano nhungamiro yakanaka panyaya yacho.

Kazhinji Linux kugoverwa uye yakawanda yezvigadzirwa zvakapiwa Linux zvinokubvumira kuti uite, kutora, kuona uye kugoveranazve sezvaunoita

07 we15

Ndinokwanisa Kuedza Linux Pasina Kunyora WIndows?

Edzai Linux.

Zvizhinji zvepamusoro zvinokonzerwa neLuxux zvinopa hupenyu huripo hwehutachiona hunoti hunogona kubviswa kubva pa USB drive.

Zvimwe, unogona kuedza Linux mukati memashini chaiyo uchishandisa chimbo chinonzi Virtualbox.

Mhinduro yekupedzisira ndeyekuti mubatanidze boot Windows ne Linux.

08 we15

Ndingagadzira Sei Live Linux USB Drive?

Ita USB Drive ne Etcher.

Pane zviyero zvezviwanikwa zveWindows zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira Live Linux USB drive kusanganisira:

Win32 Disk Imager
Rufus
Universal USB Installer
UNetbootin

Shandisa Distrowatch kuti uwane kugoverwa uye uende kumusha wepurojekiti.

Dzvanya pakunyoresa kunyoresa pakunyoresa mufananidzo we ISO (disk image) yekuparadzirwa kwaLinux.

Shandisa imwe yezvigadzirwa pamusoro apa kunyora mufananidzo we ISO ku USB drive.

Pane dzimwe mazano pane ino yepaiti ikozvino kubatsira:

09 we15

Inyore Zvakadini Kuisa Linux?

Isa Ubuntu.

Uyu mubvunzo unodzokera kumashure 4. Zvimwe zvikamu zviri nyore kuisa kune vamwe.

Kazhinji kutaura, Ubuntu-based distributions zviri nyore kwazvo kuisa. Vamwe vakaita sekuzaruka, Fedora, uye Debian zvishoma zvinyengeri asi zvisati zvanyatsoenderera mberi.

Zvimwe kugovera zvinopa zvakawanda zvinetso zvakadai seGentoo, Arch, uye Slackware.

Kuisa Linux pachako kwakajeka kudarika kuwirirana kwepabonde asi kaviri kuburitsa neWindows hakusi zvakaoma kuita kakawanda.

Heano magwaro mashomanana kubatsira:

10 pa15

Chii Chinonzi Dhidhiyo Pakutarisana?

Desktop Environment.

Kusarudza kugoverwa kweLinux haisiyo chete chisarudzo chaunofanira kuita uye kunyanya kusarudza kugoverwa kunogona kunge kwakagadzikana kubva kumamiriro ezvikomboti zvinokodzera zvaunoda uye zvinoshandiswa zvakanakisisa.

Dhidhiyo yemhepo inounganidza zvigadzirwa zvemifananidzo zvinoshandiswa senzira yekuita unyanzvi hunoshandiswa nevashandisi.

Dhidhiyo yemhepo inowanzosanganisira zvimwe kana zvose zvinotevera:

window manager
panels
menus
widgets
file manager
browser
office suite
text editor
terminal
kuratidza maneja

Mutariri wewindo anotarisa kuti mahwindo ega ega ega anoita sei.

Mutungamiri wekuratidzira anopa nzira yekufananidzira yevashandisi kupinda muparidzi.

Rimwe boka rinowanzove nemenu, mavhesi ekudzidzira nokukurumidza kwezvidzidzo zvinowanzoshandiswa uye system tray.

Dzimba dzakanyanya kudhindwa pakombiyuta dzinotevera:

Kubatana
GNOME
KDE
Cinnamon
MATE
Chiedza
Pantheon
XFCE
LXDE

Sarudzo yako yedeskodha ichawanzoburukira pane zvaunoda.

Kubatana uye GNOME zvakafanana zvakafanana nemutambo uye dashboard style interface yekutsvaga zvidzidzo.

KDE uye Cinnamon ndeye tsika dzepaneti nemameseji.

XFCE, LXDE, uye MATE vari kujekesa uye vanoshanda zviri nani pane hardware yakare.

Pantheon iyi yakachena crisp desktop environment uye inofadza vashandisi veApp.

11 pa15

Will My Hardware Hardware Will Work?

Linux Hardware Support.

Nhema yakajairika ndeyekuti hardware yakadai semaprinta, scanners, uye ma-audio devices haitsigwi ne Linux.

Sezvatinoenderera mberi kuburikidza nezana remakore rechi21, hardware yakawanda inotsigirwa ne Linux uye kazhinji ndiyo Windows umo iwe uchazviwana iwe uchivhima vatyairi.

Kune mamwe maikirwo ayo asina kungotsigirwa.

Nzvimbo iyi inogona kukubatsira kuti uone kana iwe une zvigadziri zvisingabatsiri.

Nzira yakanaka yekuedza ndiyo yekuumba mararamiro ehupenyu ekupararira uye edza hardware kunze kwekuti uende ku Linux.

12 pa15

Ndinogona Kuramba Windows software here?

PlayOnLinux.

Icho chinhu chinonzi WINE chinoita kuti zvikwanise kumhanya maWindows applications asi kwete zvose zvinotsigirwa.

Iwe uchawanzowana imwe shanduro yeLuxux inopa zvinhu zvakafanana seWindows application iwe uri kuedza kumhanya.

Mubvunzo unofanira, saka, uve "Ndinoda kumhanya Windows software here?"

Kana iwe uchida kushanda Windows software chengetedza mutungamiri uyu:

13 pa15

Ndinogona Sei Kuisa Software Kushandisa Linux?

Synaptic Package Manager.

Nzira yakanakisisa yekuisa software yeLinux ndeyekushandisa mapatenji emapato akabatanidzwa muhurongwa.

Kushandisa muteja wepackage (kureva software centre, synaptic, yum extender) hausi kungoisa chete zvakanyanya kusvika kushizha ye software asi zvakare inogona kunge isina mwareji.

Zvishomanana zvinyorwa zvepuraneti zvinosungirwa nokuenda kune webhusaiti yevatengesi uye nekudhinda bhodhi rekudzivirira.

14 pa15

Ndinogona Kutarisa Flash Mavhidhiyo Uye Ndotamba MP3 Audio?

Rhythmbox.

Kupa rubatsiro rwevadzidzi vecodecs, vatyairi, mafonti nemamwe software haasi nguva dzose inowanikwa kunze kwebhokisi mukati meLuxux.

Kugoverwa kwakadai seBubuntu, Fedora, Debian uye kusununguka kunoda kuisa software yakawedzerwa uye kuwedzera mamwe mabhuku.

Zvimwe zvipo zvakadai seLinux Mint zvinosanganisira zvinhu zvose pakarepo.

Kazhinji, kuiswa kwezvakagadzirwa software nevanotyairi zvakanyatsoratidzwa.

15 pa15

Ndinofanira Kudzidza Kushandisa I Terminal?

Screenfetch Kwa Ubuntu.

Hazvisi zvachose kuti udzidze kushandisa sarudzo.

Vashandisi veDesktop vanofarira kutarisa zvemasangano evanhu, tarisa mavhidhiyo, teerera mimhanzi uye shandisa hofisi yepaofisi ingasambobata kuguma.

Zvimwe zvikamu zvinoita kuti zvive nyore kune vamwe kuti vasatenge murairo wekuraira mutemo.

Zvakakosha kudzidza zvidzidzo pamusoro pechirangaridzo sezvo ruzhinji rutsigiro rwakapiwa uchishandisa mutsetse wemirairo sezvo ichi ndicho chimiro chinowanikwa pane zvose kuparadzirwa.