Zita
dump - ext2 mafaira ekuchengetedza
Zvinyorwa
dump [- 0123456789ackMnqSu [- Faira ]] [- zvinyorwa zveB ] [- b blocksize ] [- d density ] [- e inode nhamba ] [- E faira ] [- f file ] [- F script ] [- h level ] [- I nr errors ] [- j compression level ] [- L label ] [- Q file ] [- s feet ] [- T date ] [- z compression level ] files-to-dump
dump [- W | -w ]
(BSD 4.3 sarudzo inoshandiswa inoshandiswa kuti ienderane nekudzokera shure asi haina kunyorwa pano.)
Tsanangudzo
Dump rinotsvaga mafaira pane imwe yenyika yeex2 uye inosarudza kuti mafaira api anotsigirwa. Mafaira aya akanyorwa kune disk yakapiwa, tepi kana imwe shandisi yekuchengetedza kuitira kuchengetedzwa kwakachengeteka (ona f - f fasi iri pasi kuti uite zvinodzivirira kure kure ). Dope iro rakakura kudarika zvigadzirwa zvaro rinoputsika muzvikamu zvakawanda. Pamusoro pevhidhiyo yehuwandu ukuru hunotsanangurwa nekunyora kusvikira kuguma-kwe-nhepfenyuro inoshandiswa inodzorerwa.
Pamusoro pevhidhiyo isingagoni kutendeseka kudzoka kuguma-kwe-nhepfenyuro yezvinyorwa (zvakadai seimwe cartrid tepi dzinotyaira), imwe yega yevhesi yakatarwa; ukuru chaiyo kunotsanangurwa nekutsanangura cartridge media, kana kuti kuburikidza nekatei tasi, kuwanda uye / kana kubhadharira zvingasarudzwa zviri pasi apa. Nokusakanganiswa, iyo imwe chete yefaira yezita inoshandiswa pamubhadha wega woga mushure mekuita kuti mufambisi achinje mhizha.
files-to-dump ingangodaro nzvimbo yepafaira kana kuti mazita emafaira uye zvinyorwa kuti zvienderwe se subset yenyika. Munzvimbo yekare, kana nzira yekuenda kune imwe nzvimbo yefaira kana kuti chigadziriswa chesayiri yepasitori inogona kushandiswa. Muchikamu chekupedzisira, mamwe mimwe mitemo inogadziriswa pakubatsira: - iwe haubvumirwi, iyo yega yepamusoro inotsigirwa ndeye - 0 uye mafaira ose uye zvinyorwa zvinofanira kugara pane imwechete yefaira.
Izvi zvinotevera zvinotsigirwa ne :
-0-9
Dump mazinga. A level 0, full backup, inochengetedza yose faira system inonyorwa (asi onawo ye- h chisarudzo pasi). A nhamba yepamusoro pamusoro pe 0, incremental backup, inoudza kurega kukopa mafaira ose matsva kana kuchinjwa kubva pakupedzisira kwemazinga ezasi. The default level is 9.
-a
`` auto-size '' Bypass maverengero ose ekutengesa tape, uye nyora kusvikira kuguma-kwe-nhepfenyuro yevhidhiyo inodzorerwa. Izvi zvinonyanya kukosha kune zvakawanda zvemazuva ano zvinotyaira, uye ndezvisina kukwana. Kushandisa kwesarudzo iyi kunonyatsokurudzirwa paunenge uchiendesa kune tape iripo, kana kushandisa tepi motokari nehurdware compression (apo iwe haugoni kuva nechokwadi pamusoro pekuwedzera kwehuwandu).
-AA archive_file
Nyoresa dump-table-ye-zvinyorwa muzvinyorwa zvekuchengetedzwa kwemashoko kuti zvishandiswe nekudzorera (8) kuti uone kana faira iri mufaira rekurasa riri kudzorerwa.
-b blocksize
Nhamba ye kilobytes pamarara. Sezvo iyo IO system inoshandisa zvikumbiro zvose ku chunks ye MAXBSIZE (kazhinji 64kB), hazvibviri kushandisa blocksize yakakura pasina matambudziko gare gare nekudzorera (8). Saka kurasa kunopesana kunyorera MAXBSIZE. The default blocksize is 10.
-B zvinyorwa
Nhamba ye 1 kB inodzika nehuwandu. Hazviwanzodikanwa, sezvo dutu rinogona kuona kuguma-kwe-media. Kana uwandu hwakatarwa hwasvika, dutu rinomira kuti iwe uchinje ivhu. Iyi sarudzo inopfuurira kuverenga kwetape usayizi hunobva paurefu uye kuwanda. Kana kudzvinyirira kuri pamiganhu iyi uhu hwuwandu hwakakonzerwa kuburikidza nehuwandu.
-c
Shandura zvigadziriswa zvekushandisa ne cartridge tepi motokari, ine uwandu hwe8000 bpi, uye urefu hwema 1700 mamita. Kutsanangura cartrid drive kunopfuura kupera-kwe-media kuona.
-d kuwanda
Isai tepi kuwanda kwehuwandu Izvo zvachose ndeye 1600BPI. Kunyatsotarisa tape ushingi hunopfuura kupfuura kuguma-kwe-media kugona.
-e inodes
Usatora inodes kubva padhara. Iyo inodes parameter inonzi comma yakasarudzwa nhamba ye inode nhamba (iwe unogona kushandisa mutemo kuti uwane nhamba ye inode yefaira kana retare).
-E faira
Verenga rondedzero yeiyo inodes kuti irege kubviswa kubva kumarara kubva pane faira file file Faira faira inofanira kunge iri faira yakazara ine nhamba dzedode dzakaparadzana nemitauro mitsva.
-f file
Nyora kubhadhara kuti ufire faira inogona kunge iri faira yefaira yakadai se / dev / st0 (tape drive), / dev / rsd1c ( floppy disk drive ), faira yakawanda, kana `- '(inowanikwa). Mazita akawanda emafaira angapiwa sechinhu chimwe chete chinoparadzaniswa nemakasita. Firiji imwe neimwe inoshandiswa pakudhinda rimwe chete mumutsetse wakanyorwa; kana kurasa kunoda mavhesi akawanda kudarika nhamba yemazita anopiwa, yekupedzisira zita refaira richashandiswa kwezvose zvakasara magwaro mushure mekutsvaga kuchinja kwevhidhiyo. Kana zita refaira iri yefomu `` mupi: faira '' kana `` user @ host: file '' dump inonyora kune iyo inonzi faira pane iri kure yakagadzirisa uchishandisa rmt (8). Nzira isina kutora mazita eiri kure rmt (8) purogiramu ndiyo / etc / rmt ino inogona kuderedzwa nemhando yezvakatipoteredza RMT
-F script
Runza script pamagumo etepi imwe neimwe. Zita rekushandisa uye nhamba yezvino yevhoriyuta inopfuudzwa pamutsara wemirairo. Iyo script inofanira kudzoka 0 kana dump inofanira kuramba ichienderera pasina kubvunza vashanduri kuti vachinje tape, 1 kana dump rinofanira kupfuurira asi kumbira mushanduri kuti achinje tepi. Chero humwe hutori hunobuda huchaita kuti dutu ribvise. Nezvikonzero zvekuchengeteka, dump rinodzokera kumashure eIndaneti yeIndaneti uye yeIndaneti yeBhuku chaiyo usati waita script.
-h level
Kudza mudzidzi `` nodump '' mureza Dp Dv UF_NODUMP chete pamakumbo pane kana kupfuura pamusoro pezinga rakapiwa Izvo zvisina kukodzera kukudzwa inonzi 1, kuitira kuti kuwedzera kwekuchengetedza kusavhara mafaira akadaro asi mafungiro akazara anochengetedza.
-I nr zvikanganiso
Nokutadza, kurasa hakuzoregi kukanganisa kwekutanga 32 kuverenga zvikanganiso pane faira system isati yakumbira mukana wekupindira. Iwe unogona kuchinja izvi uchishandisa mureza uyu kune chero kukosha. Izvi zvinobatsira paunenge uchishanda pane imwe nzvimbo inoshandiswa yehutachiona apo zviverengero zvinowanikwa zvinongoratidzira kusawirirana pakati pekupa mapepa uye kuderedza kudarika.
-j kudzvinyirira
Nyongedza zvisikwa zvose kuti zvinyorwe pane tepi uchishandisa mabhizinesi ebblib. Iyi sarudzo inoshanda chete kana iwe uchinge waenda kune faira kana pombi kana, kana uchinge uenda kune tepi motokari, kana iyo tepi motokari inokwanisa kunyora zvakasiyana-siyana mabhiti. Iwe uchada zvishoma ne 0.4b24 version yekudzorera kuitira kuti ubvise matepi akaomeswa. Mapepa akanyorwa akashandiswa kushandiswa haazoenderana ne BSD tape format. Iko (inosarudza) parameter inotsanangura kuwedzera kwezinga bzlib richashandisa. Izvo zvinokonzerwa kudzvinyirira huwandu ihwo 2. Kana sarudzo inosarudzwa ichitsanangurwa, hapanofanira kuva nechepakati nzvimbo pakati pekutsvaga tsamba uye parameter.
-k
Shandisa Kerberos kuvimbiswa kuti utaure kumaseji ari kure. (Inongowanikwa chete kana izvi zvakagadzirirwa apo kuregwa kwave kwakagadzirwa.)
-L ratidza
Tsamba yakashandiswa nemashandisi-yetsamba inoshandiswa inoshandiswa mumusoro wekurasa, apo zvishandiso zvakaita sekudzorera (8) uye faira (1) inogona kuigamuchira. Cherechedza kuti iyi yepavara yakagadzirirwa kuti ive yepamusoro yeLBLSIZE (ikozvino 16) nhamba, iyo inofanira kusanganisira kupedzisira `\ 0 '
-m
Kana iyi mureza ichitsanangurwa, kurasa kuchaita kuti huwandu huvepo huchigadziriswa asi husina kuchinjwa kubva pakupedzisira kudarika ('kushandurwa' uye 'kugadziriswa' kune zvinoreva zvinorehwa mumutemo (2)). Kune iyo inodes, kurasa kuchachengetedza chete metadata, pane kuchengetedza zvose zvinyorwa zviri mukati. Inodes iyo inotungamira kana yakashandurwa kubvira pakasara yekupedzisira inoponeswa nenzira inogara. Zvishandiso zvemureza uyu zvinofanira kunge zvisingagumi, zvinoreva kuti kana rimwe rega rega mune rimwe rekuwedzera rekuisa rine mureza, kana kuti hakuna munhu anezvo.
Mapepa akanyorwa achishandisa 'metadata chete' inodes haizove yakabatana ne BSD tape format kana yekare mabhii ekudzorera.
-M
Ita kuti huwandu hwakawanda huvepo. Zita rinotsanangurwa ne - f rinorapwa sepakutanga uye dump inonyora muchidimbu kusvika ku 001, 002 etc. Izvi zvinogona kubatsira kana uchinge uchinge uchinge waenda kune imwe nzvimbo yekuparadzanisa, kuitira kuti uwedzere 2GB faira rekukomba kwemafaira.
-n
Chero pose painoenda kunoda kurairirwa kwevanhu, zivisa vose vanofambisa muboka '`operator' 'nenzira yakafanana neyerusvingo (1).
-q
Ita kuti kuvhara kurege kubviswa pakarepo pose paunenge uchinyatsotarisirwa, pasina kukurudzira kana zvikanganiso zvekunyorera, tape shanduko.
-Q faira
Iva nesimba rekufambisa Fichiro Access Access . Tape zvigaro zveinode imwe neimwe inowanikwa mufaira yefaira iyo inoshandiswa kuburikidza (kana yakadanwa ne parameter Q uye filename) kuisa zvakananga tape pafaira rekudzoka ikozvino iri kushanda. Izvi zvinoponesa maawa paunodzorera mafaira asina kusvibiswa kubva kumapukisi makuru, anoponesa matepi uye musoro wekutya.
Zvinokurudzirwa kugadzirisa mutevedzeri wemutambo kuti adzokere zvakanakira tape nzvimbo panzvimbo yehutano asati adana kuregera / kudzorera ne parameter Q. Sezvo zvisati zvese zvigadzirwa zvematepi zvinotsigira maikirini ematepi epamusoro izvo zviyero zve tepi zvinodzorera mhosho panguva yekurasa / kudzorera apo mutyairi wep yakagadzirirwa pane zvisikwa zvakasikwa. Ndapota ona chinyorwa chemasikati, chinyorwa MTSETDRVBUFFER, kana kuti peji yemam page, kuti ungamisa sei mutyairi kuti adzokere zvinonamatira matepi.
Usati washevedza kudzorera ne parameter Q, nguva dzose iva nechokwadi chokuti mutyairi wep isiti inodzorerwa kudzorera rudzi rwakadaro rwetape nzvimbo inoshandiswa panguva yekudana kudhonza. Kana zvisina kudaro kudzorera kunogona kuvhiringidzika.
Iyi sarudzo inogona kushandiswa pakuramba kune matepi emunharaunda (ona pamusoro) kana kuti kumafaira eko.
-s tsoka
Kuedza kuverenga kuwanda kwematepi inodiwa pane imwe nzvimbo. Kana iyi yakawanda ichidarika, kurasa kunotanga kune tepi itsva. Zvinokurudzirwa kuti zvive zvakanyanyisa pane izvi. Iyo yakasara tape yakareba mamita 2300. Kunyatsotarisa tapeji yakakura kunopera kuguma kwe-media kugona.
-S
Kukura kwehuwandu. Sarudza chiyero chenzvimbo inodiwa kuita chirairo kunze kwekuti uite, uye kuratidza nhamba inofungidzirwa yevheti inotora. Izvi zvinobatsira nekuwedzera kwemarumisi kuti uone kuti vangani vevhidhiyo vachadikanwa.
-T tete
Shandisa zuva rakarongedzerwa se nguva yekutanga yekusara pane nguva yakatarwa kubva pakatarisa / / etc / dumpdates Maitiro ezuva akafanana neaya emakemiti (3). Iyi sarudzo inobatsira pazvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinoda kurasa pane imwe nguva. I- T sarudzo inobatanidza chete kubva ku- u u- sarudzo.
-u
Ongorora faira / etc / dumpdates mushure mekurapa kwakabudirira. Mhando ye / etc / dumpdates inonzwisiswa nevanhu, inosanganisira imwe yega yepafaira rekodhi kumurongo wega: zita rezvefaira, nhamba yekuwedzera uye ctime (3) mafomu ekudzima mafaira. Ikoko kunogona kunge kune imwe chete inopinda pane imwe yehufaira pane imwe nhare. Iyo faira / etc / dumpdates inogona kugadziriswa kuchinja chero yeminda, kana zvichifanira.
-W
Dump inoudza anoshanda kuti zvipi zvefaira zvinoda kuregererwa. Mashoko aya anowanikwa kubva kumafaira / etc / dumpdates uye / etc / fstab I - W chisarudzo chinokonzera kurasa kuti zvidhindwe, nokuda kwemafaira ese mu / / etc / dumpdates uye zvinyorwa zvemafaira mafaira mu / etc / fstab zuva rekuregererwa kwemazuva ano uye chimiro, uye inojekesa izvo zvinofanira kuregererwa. Kana i- W inosarudza yakasarudzwa, zvimwe zvose zvingasarudzwa hazvina hanya, uye kubuda kunobva pakarepo.
-w
Yakafanana -W asi iyo inongororwa chete inozivikanwa mafaira mune / etc / fstab inoda kuregererwa.
-z kudzvinyirira
Nyongedza zvisikwa zvose kuti zvikanyorwe pamatepi uchishandisa mabhizinesi e-zlib. Iyi sarudzo inoshanda chete kana iwe uchinge waenda kune faira kana pombi kana, kana uchinge uenda kune tepi motokari, kana iyo tepi motokari inokwanisa kunyora zvakasiyana-siyana mabhiti. Iwe uchada zvishoma ne 0.4b22 version yekudzorera kuitira kuti ubvise makamera akaomeswa. Mapepa akanyorwa akashandiswa kushandiswa haazoenderana ne BSD tape format. Iko (inosarudza) parameter inotsanangura kuwedzera kwezinga zlib kuchashandisa. Izvo zvinokonzerwa kudzvinyirira huwandu ihwo 2. Kana sarudzo inosarudzwa ichitsanangurwa, hapanofanira kuva nechepakati nzvimbo pakati pekutsvaga tsamba uye parameter.
Dump inoda kupindira kwevashandi pamamiriro ezvinhu aya: kuguma kwe tepi, kuguma kwekurapa, kukanganisa tape kunyora, tape yakazaruka kana kuti diski kukanganisa kuverenga (kana pane zvinopfuura chikumbaridzo chemhosva dze nr). Mukuwedzera pakushandura vose vanofambisa zvinorehwa ne- n- key, kutura kunopindirana nemuiti wepamutambo wekutarisa pane dzimwe nguva apo kurasa hakugone kuenderera mberi, kana kana chimwe chinhu chakaipa kwazvo. Yese mibvunzo inokanganisa inokonzera inofanira kupindurwa nekunyora `` hongu '' kana `` hapana '' zvakakodzera.
Kubvira pakugadzira kuvhara kunosanganisira nguva yakawanda uye kushanda kwezvikwata zvakakwana, kurega zvitsva pachedu pakutanga kwe tepi imwe yevhesi. Kana ukanyora kuti iyo yevhesi inokundikana nechimwe chikonzero, kurasa kuchaita, pamwe nemvumo yekufambisa, inotangazve pachokwadi chekuongorora pashure pokunge tepi yekare yakadzorerwa uye yabviswa, uye tepi itsva yakakonzerwa.
Dump inotsanangurira mufambisi chii chiri kuitika panguva dzenguva, kusanganisira kakawanda kuongororwa kwakaderera kwenhamba yemabhuloki kunyorera, nhamba yematepi inotora, nguva yekupedzisa, uye nguva yekuchinja tape. Izvo zvinowanikwa zvinoreva verbose, kuitira kuti vamwe vazive kuti magetsi ekugadzirisa kurasikirwa , uye ichave kwenguva yakati.
Pakaitika chiitiko chakaipa che diski, nguva inodiwa yekudzorera matepi ose ekudzivirira maidiki kana mafaira ku diski inogona kuchengetwa kusvika kudiki kuburikidza nekudengenyeka kwekuwedzerwa kwemafomu. Imwe nzira inobatsira yekuderedza kuwedzerwa kwemafupu ekuderedza nhamba yematepi inotevera:
- Nguva dzose tanga nehuwandu hwekuchengetedza 0, somuenzaniso: / sbin / dump -0u -f / dev / st0 / usr / src Izvi zvinofanira kuitika panguva dzakatarwa, ziti kamwe kamwe pamwedzi kana kamwe kamwe mwedzi miviri, uye pane imwe matepi matsva anoponeswa nokusingaperi.
- Mushure mechikwata chechipiri, zvinyorwa zvemafaira zvakashandurwa zvinotorwa zuva rega rega, uchishandura Tower of Hanoi algorithm, uye izvi zvinotevera zvekurasira mazinga: 3 2 5 4 7 6 9 8 9 9 ... Kwemazuva ose, inofanira kuva yakakosha kushandisa nhamba yakatarwa yematepi zuva rega rega, inoshandiswa pavhiki nevhiki. Vhiki yoga yoga, demo rekutanga rinotorwa, uye zuva rega reHanoi rinotevera rinodzokorora kutanga ne 3. Kwemasvondo evhiki, imwe yakagadzirirwa yematepi pane dumped file system inoshandiswa, uyewo pamagariro.
Pashure pemwedzi inoverengeka kana kudaro, matepi ezuva nezuva uye evhiki nevhiki anofanira kubuda kubva pakuderera uye ma tapes matsva akaunzwa.
ONA DZIMWE
rmt (8)
Zvinonyanya kukosha: Shandisa mutemo wevanhu ( % munhu ) kuti uone kuti murairo unoshandiswa sei pane imwe kombiyuta.