Zita
shona, sv, sv, command, compgen, complete, continue, declare, dals, disown, echo, enable, eval, exec, exit, export, fc, fg, getopts, hash , history , jobs, kill , let, local, logout , popd , printf , pushd, pwd , read, readonly, return , set, shift, shopt, source, suspend, test, times, trap, type, typeset, ulimit, umask, wasas , unset, wait - bash built-in in commands, see bash (1)
Bash Builtin Command
Kunze kwekunge pane zvimwe zvataurwa, imwe neimwe yakavakwa murairo yakanyorwa mubhuku rino sekubvuma zvingasarudzwa zvakatangwa - zvinogamuchira - kuratidza kuguma kwezvasarudzwa.
: [ nharo ]
Hapana chiitiko; mutemo hauiti chinhu chinopfuura kuparadzanisa nharo uye kuita chero zvakarongerwa zvakatemwa. Zero yakabva pikode inodzorerwa.
. filename [ nharo ]
source filename [ nharo ]
Verenga uye uite mirairo kubva ku filename mune ikozvino shell environment uye dzorera mamiriro ekudzoka emurairo wekupedzisira unotorwa kubva ku filename . Kana filename isina kubhadhara, faira mazita muPATH inoshandiswa kuwana iyo bhuku rine filename . Faira yakatsvaga muPATH haifaniri kushandiswa. Kana bhesi isiri mu posix mode , iyo yechirangaridzo inobudiswa kana pasina faira inowanikwa muPATH . Kana iyo yakagadzirirwa sarudzo kune yakasakara yakagadzirwa muravha yakavharwa, iyo PATH haisi kutsvaga. Kana pane nharo dzakapiwa, dzinova mamiriro ekuti kana filename iri kuitwa. Zvimwe zvisingaiti mamiriro acho ezvinhu haana kuchinja. Mamiriro ekudzoka ndiwo mamiriro emurairo wekupedzisira wakabuda mukati me script (0 kana pasina mirairo inourawa), uye inhema kana zita re fileni risingawaniki kana risingagoni kuverengwa.
alias [ -p ] [ zita [= value ] ...]
Alias asina nharo kana ne--sarudzo inonyora runyorwa rwezvinyorwa mumutauro alias zita = kukosha pahuwandu hwekubuda. Apo nharo dzinopihwa, shanduro inotsanangurwa nokuda kwezita rimwe nerimwe rinokosha rakapiwa. Nzvimbo inotevera inokosha inokonzera kuti shoko rinotevera riongororwa kune dzimwe nzvimbo pachinenge chichiwedzera. Nezita rimwe nerimwe mumakakatanwa akakurumbira usingabatsiri, zita uye kukosha kwezvinyorwa zvakadhindwa. Alias inodzoka kwechokwadi kunze kwekunge zita rakapiwa risina kunyorwa.
bg [ jobspec ]
Ongororazve basa rakasimiswa jobspec kumashure, sokunge raive rakatangwa ne & . Kana jobspec isipo, pfungwa yekomboro yebasa iri ikozvino inoshandiswa. bg jobspec inodzoka 0 kunze kwekutiza kana basa rekuremara rakaremara kana, kana kumhanya nekugadziriswa kwebasa kwakabvumira, kana jobspec yakanga isingawanikwi kana kuti isati yatanga pasina basa rekuita basa.
zvisunga [ -m keymap ] [ -lpsvPSV ]
kusunga [ -m keymap ] [ -q function ] [ -u basa ] [ -r keyseq ]
zvisunga [ -m keymap ] -f filename
zvisunga [ -m keymap ] -x keyseq : shell-command
kusunga [ -m keymap ] keyseq : basa-zita
kusunga readline-murairo
Ratidzai ikozvino yekuverengwa kwekakani uye basa rinosungwa, sunga kugoverana kukuru kune basa rekuverenga kana macro, kana kuisa shanduro yakasiyana-siyana. Chimwe nechimwe chisiri chisarudzo nharo murairo sezvaunogona kuonekwa mu .inputrc , asi kusungirwa kwega rimwe nerimwe kana kuti murairo kunofanira kupfuurwa sechinhu chakasiyana; sv, '"\ Cx \ cr": re-read-init-file'. Zvisarudzo, kana zvakapiwa, zvine zvarinoreva zvinotevera:
-m keymap
Shandisa keymap sekuti keymap inokanganiswa nezvisungo zvinotevera. Acceptable keymap mazita ndiwo emacs, emacs-standard, emacs-meta, emacs-ctlx, vi, vi-move, vi-command , uye vi-insert . vi yakaenzana ne vi-command ; emacs yakaenzana ne emacs-standard .
-l
Rondedzera mazita ezvinyorwa zvose zvekuverenga .
-p
Ratidza mazita ekuverengera mazita uye kusungirwa nenzira yakadai kuti vadzokorwezve.
-P
Rondedzera mazita ekuverengwa kwemashoko mazita uye zvisungo.
-v
Ratidza mazita akasiyana-siyana akasiyana-siyana akasiyana-siyana nenzira yavanogona kuverengwa zvakare.
-V
Rondedzera mazita anoverengeka ekuverengera mazita uye mararamiro.
-s
Ratidza maitiro ekuverenga akanyorwa zvakasungwa ku macros uye zvidzidzo zvavanobudisa nenzira yakadai kuti vadzokorwezve.
-S
Ratidza maitiro ekuverengera key akatevedzwa ku macros uye zvidzidzo zvavanobudisa.
-f filename
Read key bindings from filename .
-q basa
Mhinduro pamusoro peiyi makiro invoke iyo inonzi maitiro .
-kushanda
Unbind zvose zvisikwa zvakasungwa kune zvakataurwa zita.
-r keyseq
Bvisa chero chipi zvacho chinosungirirwa nokuda kwe keyseq .
-x keyseq : shell-command
Nokuti shell-murairo inofanira kuurayiwa pose pese keyseq inopinda.
Mutengo wokudzoka ndewe 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisingazivikanwi chinopiwa kana kukanganisa kwakaitika.
kuputsa [ n ]
Buda kubva mukati, pane, kusvikira , kana kusarudza chidimbu. Kana n ichitsanangurwa, shandisa mazinga. n inofanira kuva> 1. Kana n yakakura kudarika nhamba yezvipfigiro zvakakomberedzwa, zvese zvinoputika zvinoputika. Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti shell isiri kuita chikamu apo kuputsa kuri kuitwa.
builtin shell-builtin [ nharo ]
Ita iyo yakananga shell yakagadzirwa, ichipfuura nharo , uye dzorera mamiriro ayo ekubuda. Izvi zvinobatsira pakutsanangura basa rine zita rakafanana ne shell shell, nekuchengetedza kushanda kwevakavakwa mukati mebasa. Iyo cd builtin inowanzonatsanangurirwa nenzira iyi. Mamiriro okudzoka ndeechokwadi kana shell-builtin isiri shell builtin murairo.
cd [ -L | -P ] [ dir ]
Shandura ikozvino mareta kuti ude . The variable variable HOME is the default dir . Ichitsvaga CDPATH inotsanangura nzira yekutsvaga yechirangara chine tsvina . Alternative directory mazita muCDPATH akaparadzaniswa nekoloni (:). A name null zita mune CDPATH yakafanana neyoyo manyore , iko, `` . ''. Kana tsvina inotanga ne slash (/), ipapo CDPATH haishandisi. I -P sarudzo inotaura kuti kushandisa shanduro yekugadzirisa zvinyorwa panzvimbo yekutevera zvigadzirwa zvekufananidzira ( onawowo -P sarudzo kune yakagadzirwa yakagadzirwa murairo); the -L chisarudzo masimba ekufananidzira anotevera. Nharo ye - inofanana ne $ OLDPWD . Nhamba yekudzoka ndeyechokwadi kana iyo bhuku rakashandurwa zvakabudirira; nhema zvisina kudaro.
command [ -pVv ] command [ arg ...]
Runza mutemo ne args suppressing iyo yakazara shell function lookup. Mamwe mirairo yakagadzirwa kana mirairo inowanikwa muPATH inourawa. Kana iyo -p sarudzo inopiwa, kutsvaga murairo kunoshandiswa kushandiswa kwekutengesa kwePATH kunobvumirwa kuwana yese yehurumende inoshandiswa. Kana kana -V kana -v kana- svudzo inopiwa, tsanangudzo yemirairo inodhindwa. I-- v sarudzo inokonzera shoko rimwe chete rinoratidza murairo kana zita refaira rinoshandiswa kuvhara murairo kuti uonekwe; the -V sarudzo inowedzera zvinoreva verbose. Kana iyo -V kana -v yevhoti inowanikwa, iyo inobva kunze inonzi 0 kana mutemo wakawanikwa, uye 1 kana zvisingaiti. Kana chisarudzo chisati chapiwa uye kukanganisa kwakaitika kana murairo haugone kuwanikwa, iyo yega yekubuda ndiyo 127. Kana zvisina kudaro, mamiriro ekudzoka emurairo wakavakwa ndiyo iyo yekubuda mamiriro emurairo .
compgen [ option ] [ shoko ]
Itai kuti zvigone kushandiswa kwemashoko maererano neshoko maererano nesarudzo s, iyo inogona kuva chero ipi zvayo yakagamuchirwa nevakazara yakavakwa kunze kwe--p uye -r , uye nyora mitezo kusvika pane zvakabuda. Paunenge uchishandisa -F kana -C zvisarudzo, dzakasiyana-siyana zvipfeko zveganda zvakagadzirirwa zvivako zvekugadziridza zvinogadziridzwa, kana zvichiwanika, hazvina maturo anokosha.
Miti yacho ichagadzirwa nenzira imwecheteyo sokunge kana kode yekugadziridza yakagadzirirwa yakanga yaita kuti ivakonzere zvakananga kubva pakugadzirisa kwekupedzisira nemafanho akafanana. Kana shoko rinotsanangurwa, ndiro chete iro rinopedzisa izwi rinoenderana naro richaratidzwa.
Nhamba yekudzoka ndeyechokwadi kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chiripo, kana kuti hapana mitezo yakagadzirwa.
complete [ -abcdefgjksuv ] [ -o comp-option ] [ -A action ] [ -G globpat ] [ -W wordlist ] [ -P chikwata ] [ -S suffix ]
[ -X filterpat ] [ -F function ] [ -C command ] zita [ zita ... ]
complete -pr [ name ...]
Taurai kuti maonero ezita rimwe nerimwe anofanira kupedzerwa sei. Kana iyo -p sarudzo inowanikwa, kana kana pasina zvingasarudzwa zvinowanikwa, zvinyorwa zvekugadzirisa zviripo zvakadhindwa nenzira inovabvumira kuti vashandiswe zvakare sechipo. I-- o sarudzo inobvisa kugadziriswa kwekupedzisira kwezita rimwe nerimwe, kana, kana zita risati rapiwa, zvose zvinopedzisa kugadziriswa.
Iyo nzira yekushandisa izvi zvinyorwa zvinopedzisa apo shoko rinopedzerwa kuedzwa rinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa pasi peGadziriro yekugadzirisa .
Zvimwe zvingasarudzwa, kana zvataurwa, zvine zvinoreva zvinotevera. Nharo dze -G , -W , uye -X nzira (uye, kana zvichidikanwa, -P uye -S zvisarudzo) dzinofanira kutaurwa kuti dzidzivirire kubva pakuwedzera kusati kwatemwa.
-o comp-chisarudzo
Iko -sarudzo inodzora zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuita kwecompssec kupfuura kwechizvarwa chenguva yekupera. comp-chombo ingave imwe ye:
default
Shandisa purogiramu yekuverenga yefa yefa yega yega kana compspec isingatauriki.
dirnames
Ita mazita ekunyora kugadzirisa kana compspec isingatauriki.
filenames
Taura zvinonyoresa kuti compspec inogadzira filenames, saka iyo inogona kuita chero filename-specific processing (kufanana nekuwedzera kushaya mazita mazita kana kukanganisa nzvimbo dzinotevera). Inotarisirwa kushandiswa ne shell function.
nospace
Taura kuverenga kuti usatora nzvimbo (yakashata) kumashoko akapedzwa pamagumo emutsara.
-Achiito
Chiito chacho chingava chimwe chezvinhu zvinotevera kuti uite runyora rwekugona kugumira:
alias
Alias mazita. Itaiwo kuti ive yakatsanangurwa se -a .
arrayvar
Ita mazita akasiyana-siyana.
kusunga
Mutsara wekutanga key binding names.
builtin
Mazita e shell shell builtin mirairo . Inogonawo kuiswa se -b .
command
Raira mazita. Ivewo ingarondedzerwa semazita. Inogonawo kujekeswa se- c .
directory
Mazita ekutsvaga. Ingave zvakare ichatsanangurwa se -d .
akaremara
Mazita echirema shell akavakwa.
yakagadzirirwa
Mazita emagetsi akavakwa.
export
Mazita ekutengesa shell variables. Inogonawo kujekeswa se -e .
faira
Faira mazita. Ivewo ingarondedzerwa se -f .
basa
Mazita ejoka anoshandisa.
boka
Mazita emapoka. Inogonawo kuiswa se -g .
helptopic
Batsira mharidzo dzakagamuchirwa nemubatsiro wakavakwa.
Mazita ekunyorera, zvakatorwa kubva pane faira inotsanangurwa neHOSTFILE shell yakasiyana.
basa
Jobho anonyora mazita, kana basa rekushanda rinoshanda. Inogonawo kunzi se -j .
keyword
Shell rakachengetwa mazwi. Itaiwo zvakare kuti ive -k .
kumhanya
Mazita ekushanda kwemabasa, kana basa rekushanda rinoshanda.
basa
Mazita ekushandira. Inogonawo kujekeswa se -s .
setopt
Mvumo yakarurama ye-- sarudza kune yakagadzirwa .
shopt
Shell mazita mazita sezvakagamuchirwa nevakadzika vakavakwa .
chiratidzo
Mazita echiratidzo.
vakamira
Mazita emisa mabasa, kana basa rekuita riri kushanda.
user
Mushandisi mazita. Ivewo ingarondedzerwa se -u .
variable
Mazita ezvose shell variables. Itaiwo kuti ive yakatsanangurwa se -v .
-G globpat
Zita rekuwedzera kuwedzerwa muenzaniso globpat rinowedzera kuitira kuti zvive nyore kugumira.
-W wordlist
Izwi remashoko rinoparadzaniswa uchishandisa vanhu vari mu IFS zvakasiyana-siyana sevadzidzisi, uye shoko rimwe nerimwe rinogumira rinowedzera. Izvo zvinogona kugadziriswa nhengo dzemutsara unoguma unoenderana neshoko riri kupera.
-C mutemo
murairo unourawa mumhepo inoshandiswa, uye yakabuda inoshandiswa seanokwanisa kugadzirisa.
-F basa
Iko shell function function inourawa mune ikozvino shell environment. Kana ichitsvaga, iyo inogona kugadziriswa inodzorerwa kubva kukosha kwe COMPREPLY array variable.
-X filterpat
filterpat is a pattern as used for filename expansion. Inoshandiswa kune urongwa hwezvinogona kugadziriswa zvinokonzerwa nezvakange zvasarudzwa uye nharo, uye rimwe nerimwe rinogadzirisa filterpat rinobviswa kubva pakurongwa. Kutungamirira ! mu filterpat inoratidzira muenzaniso; munyaya iyi, chero kupedzisa kusingafananidzi filterpat isabviswa .
-P chirevo chekutanga
chigadzirwa chekutanga chinowedzerwa pakutanga kwega roga roga rinopedzisa mushure mekunge mamwe maitiro ashandiswa.
-S suffix
Chiyero chinoshandiswa kune imwe neimwe inogona kugadziriswa mushure mokunge mamwe maitiro ashandiswa.
Nhamba yekudzoka ndeyechokwadi kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chiripo, sarudzo imwe kunze kwe -p kana -r inowanikwa pasina zita rinopikisana, kuedza kunoitwa kubvisa tsananguro yekupedzisa kwezita risina tsanangudzo iripo, kana kuti kukanganisa kunoitika kuwedzera tsanangudzo yekupedzisa.
ramba [ n ]
Dzorerazve kutevedza kwaitevera kwekuvhara, panguva , kusvikira , kana kusarudza chidimbu. Kana n ichitsanangurwa, tangazve ku n th enclosing loop. n inofanira kuva> 1. Kana n yakakura kudarika nhamba yezvipfigiro zvakaputika, yekupedzisira yakavharidzirwa tsvina (iyo `top-level '' loop) inotangazve. Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti shell isiri kuita chigadziri kana ichienderera ichirairwa.
Taura [ -Firtx ] [ -p ] [ zita [= value ]]
aina [ -afFirtx ] [ -p ] [ zita [= value ]]
Paridza zvipembenene uye / kana kupa zvipo. Kana pasina zita s rakapiwa ipapo ratidza maitiro ezvimwe zvinoshandiswa. I--sarudza icharatidza maitiro uye maitiro ezita rimwe nerimwe. Apo -p inoshandiswa, zvimwe zvingasarudzwa hazvina hanya. I-- F chisarudzo inhibits kuratidzwa kwemashoko ekushanda; chete zita remabasa uye maitiro zvakadhindwa. I -F chisarudzo chinoreva -f . Izvo zvinotevera zvinogona kushandiswa kurega kubuda kune zvigadziriswa nehuwandu hunotsanangurwa kana kupa zvipimo zvinokonzera:
-a
Zita roga roga nderimwe shanduko yakawanda (ona Mabhora ari kumusoro).
-f
Shandisa basa rinoreva mazita chete.
-i
Iko kushandiswa kunobatwa semunhu mukuru; arithmetic valuation (ona ARITMETIC EVALUATION) inoitwa apo shanduko inopiwa kukosha.
-r
Itai kuti zita riverengwe chete. Aya mazita haagoni kugoverwa maitiro kuburikidza nehutano hwemashoko ekutaura kana kusasarudzwa.
-t
Ipa zita rimwe nerimwe chirevo chekutsvaga . Traced mabasa anowana nhaka ye DEBUG kubva kuhotera yekudana. Mutsara wekutsvaga hauna chinangwa chaicho kune zvipembenene.
-x
Mark zita rekutsvaga kunze kune mirairo inotevera kuburikidza nemhepo.
Kushandisa `+ 'panzvimbo ye'` -' kuvhara chiito panzvimbo yacho, kunze kwekuti inogona kunge isingashandisi kuparadza shanduko yakawanda. Kana ikashandiswa mubasa, inoita zita roga roga panzvimbo, seya nemirairo yemo . Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chasangana, kuedza kunogadziriswa kurondedzera basa kuburikidza ne ``-fo fo = bar '', kuedza kunoitwa kugovera kukosha pane kuverenga-chete kushandiswa, kuedza kunoitwa kugovera kukosha kune zvakasiyana-siyana usingashandisi shanduro yekuita shanduro (ona mabhii ari kumusoro), rimwe remazita harisi iro rinoenderana nekodzero yezita zita, chiedza chinoitwa kuti chigadzire chiverengero chekuverengeka chete chekuverengeka kwekuverenga-chete, kuedza kunogadziriswa kuvhara mamiriro ezvinhu ezvimwe zvinowirirana, kana kuedza kunoitwa kuratidzira basa risati riripo ne -f .
dirs [-clpv ] [+ n ] [- n ]
Pasina zvingasarudzwa, inoratidza urongwa hwemakorokota anoyeukwa ikozvino. Zviratidzo zvisingagoneki zviri pane imwechete uye mabhuku mazita akaparadzaniswa nemikana. Zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa kune urongwa nemushandi we pushd ; Mutemo wePadd unobvisa zvinyorwa kubva pane zvakanyorwa.
+ n
Anotarisa n th kuverenga kuverenga kubva kuruboshwe rwerwendo runoratidzwa nevadzidzisi pavanoshandiswa pasina kusarudzwa, kutanga ne zero.
- n
Anotarisa n th kuverenga kuverenga kubva kurudyi rwerwendo rwakaratidzwa nevadzidzisi pavanoshandiswa pasina kusarudzwa, kutanga ne zero.
-c
Anodzikisa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa nekubvisa zvose zvinyorwa.
-l
Inogadzira kwenguva refu; iyo inoshandiswa pakatarisa maitiro inoshandisa tilde kuti ireve imba yekunyora.
-p
Shingaira bhuku rakagadziriswa neimwe chiyero pamurongo.
-v
Dhinda iyo inonzi stack pane imwe inopindi pamurongo, kuisa chivako chimwe nechimwe nenheyo yaro mumutsetse.
Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chiripo kana kuti nhamba kune mamwe mapepa ekunyora.
ramba [ -ar ] [ -h ] [ jobspec ...]
Pasina zvingasarudzwa, basa rega rega roga rinobviswa kubva patafura yemabasa anoshingaira. Kana iyo -h chisarudzo ichipiwa, basa rimwe nerimwe risati rabviswa kubva patafura, asi rakanyorwa kuti SIGHUP isati yatumirwa kubasa kana shell inogamuchira SIGHUP . Kana pasina workspec iripo, uye haisi -a kana-- sanosarudza inopiwa, basa razvino riri kushandiswa. Kana pasina workspec inowanikwa, i -ochisarudzo zvinoreva kubvisa kana kuisa mabasa ose; iyo -r sarudzo kunze kwebasa reworkspec inobvumira kushanda kuita mabasa. Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti jobspec isingatauri basa rakakodzera.
echo [ -neE ] [ arg ...]
Kubudisa iyo s s, yakaparadzana nenzvimbo, inoteverwa nelineline. Mamiriro okudzoka nguva dzose 0. Kana -n yakatsanangurwa, mutsara wekutsvaga unodedzeswa. Kana iyo- yechinhu ichi ichipiwa, kududzirwa kwevanyori vakadzoka-vakapukunyuka kunobvumira. I- E sarudzo inodzivisa kududzirwa kwevanhu ava vanopukunyuka, kunyange pamasikirwo avanenge vachishandurwa kuburikidza. Iyo xpg_echo shell yakasarudzwa inogona kushandiswa kushandura kugadzirisa kana kana kwete kukwanisa kuwedzera idzi vheji dzinopukunyuka kuburikidza. Echo haisi kududzira - kureva kuguma kwezvasarudzo. Echo inotsanangura zvinotevera zvinodzivirira:
\ a
chenjerera (bhero)
\ b
backspace
\ c
kunyengedza trailing newline
\ e
munhu wokupukunyuka
\ f
fomu kudya
\ n
mutsva mutsva
\ r
ngoro inodzoka
\ t
horizontal tab
\ v
vertical tab
\\
kudzokera shure
\ N nnn
iyo ye8-bit character iyo inokosha inonzi octal kukosha nnn (zero kusvika matatu octal digits)
\ nnn
iyo ye8-bit character iyo inokosha inonzi octal kukosha nnn (imwe kusvika matatu octal digits)
\ x HH
iyo ye8-bit character iyo inokosha iyo hexadecimal kukosha HH (imwe kana maviri hex digits)
ipai [ -adnps ] [ -f filename ] [ zita ...]
Ita nekugadzirisa yakavakwa yakaiswa shell mirairo. Kuremedza a builtin inobvumira mutemo we disk une zita rimwechete se shell shell builtin kuti iitwe kunze kwekutaura nzira yakakwana, kunyange zvazvo shell inowanzotsvakwa yakavakwa pamberi pemataira e disk. Kana -n iko kushandiswa, zita rimwe nerimwe rakabviswa; zvisinei, mazita anokwanisa. Semuenzaniso, kushandisa bhenari yekuongorora inowanika kuburikidza nePATH panzvimbo ye shell shell builtin version, shandisa `` shandisa-test ''. I -f sarudzo inoreva kutakura zita idzva rakagadzirirwa zita kubva pane zvakagadziriswa chinhu chinonzi filename , pane zvigadziro zvinotsigira kushandiswa kwakasimba. I-- d sarudzo ichabvisa yakavakwa kare yakatakurwa ne -f . Kana pasina zita rinopupurirwa rakapiwa, kana kana--sarudzo inopiwa, urongwa hwego shell rakagadzirwa. Pasina imwe sarudzo nharo, rondedzero inosanganisira zvose zvakabvumira shell builtins. Kana -nakaendeswa , zvivako zvekuremara chete zvinodhindwa. Kana -a inopiwa, urongwa hwakadhindwa hunosanganisira zvose zvakavakwa, zvine chiratidzo chekuti kana kwete mumwe nomumwe anobvumira. Kana - kana ichiendeswa , izvo zvinowanikwa zvinongowanikwa kuPOSIX special builtins.
Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti zita risati riri shell builtin kana pane kukanganisa kuisa chimwe chitsva chakabva pane chimwe chinhu chakagoverwa.
eval [ arg ...]
Izvo s s zvinoverengwa uye zvinopindirana pamwechete mumurairo mumwe chete. Uyu murairo unobva waverengwa uye uchiurayiwa nehombodo, uye mamiriro ayo ekudzoka anodzoserwa sehuwandu hweeval . Kana kusina args , kana kungoita zvisingaiti, eval kudzoka 0.
exec [ -cl ] [ -a zita ] [ command [ mhinduro ]
Kana mutemo wataurwa, unotsiva shell. Hapana nzira itsva yakasikwa. Izvo zvikonzero zvinova zvikonzero zvekuraira . Kana iyo -i sarudzo inowanikwa, shell inowedzera dash pakutanga kwe zeroth arg yakapiwa kuraira . Izvi ndizvo zvinopinda (1) zvinodaro. I-- c sarudzo inokonzera murairo kuti uurawe nenzvimbo isina chinhu. Kana -a inowanikwa, shell inodarika zita sechinhu chinonzi zeroth kumurairo wakaitwa. Kana mutemo usingakwanisi kuurawa nokuda kwechimwe chikonzero, chigove chisina kubatirana chinobuda, kunze kwekuti sarudzo yekufa inofanirwa inobvumira, panguva iyo inodzokera kusakundikana. Nhengo inobatanidza inodzoka kukanganisa kana faira isingagoni kuitwa. Kana mutemo usati warondedzerwa, chero kudzorerwa kunotanga kuitika muhomwe yezvino, uye nzvimbo yekudzoka ipo 0. Kana pane dambudziko rekudzoka, nzvimbo yekudzoka i1.
siya [ n ]
Izvozvo kuti shell ibudise nechinzvimbo che n . Kana n isingabvumirwi, mamiriro ekudzoka ndeaya emurairo wokupedzisira wakaitwa. Mutezo we EXIT unotanga kusati wagadziriswa.
kutengesa [ -fn ] [ zita [= shoko ]] ...
export -p
Mazita anopiwa anonyorwa kuti anongotengeswa kune imwe nzvimbo kune zvakasvibiswa zvekuteerera mirairo. Kana i -f chipo ichipiwa, mazita anoreva mabasa. Kana pasina mazita anopiwa, kana kana--kusarudzo inopiwa, runyora rwemazita ose anotengeswa mune ino shell rakadhindwa. I- yechinhu chinokonzera kutengeswa kweimba inofanira kubviswa kubva kune mazita akasiyana-siyana. kutengeserana kunodzoka mamiriro ekubuda kunze kwekuti 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chasangana, rimwe remazita harisi iro rinoenderana nekodzero yezita zita, kana -f rinowanikwa nezita iro harisi basa.
fc [ -e ename ] [ -nlr ] [ first ] [ last ]
fc -s [ pat = rep ] [ cmd ]
Fix Command. Mune fomu yekutanga, mhando yemirairo kubva kubva pakutanga kusvika kunekupedzisira yakasarudzwa kubva munhoroondo yezvakaitika. Kutanga uye yekupedzisira kunogona kutaurwa seketani (kuti uwane mutemo wokupedzisira unotanga neyo tambo) kana se nhamba (nhamba yezvakanyorwa mumatambo, apo nhamba isina kunaka inoshandiswa seyakakanganiswa kubva kumurairo wenhasi uripo). Kana kupedzisira kusati kwasarudzwa inoiswa kumurairo wezvino wekunyora (kuitira kuti `` fc -l -10 '' inyore mirairo gumi yekupedzisira) uye kutanga kutanga . Kana kutanga kusati kwasarudzwa inoiswa kumurairo wapfuura wekugadzirisa uye -16 kuti ureve.
I-yega inopesana nhamba yemirairo paunenge uchinyorwa. I--sarudzo inoshandura inoshandura mutemo wemirairo. Kana iyo -iiyo inopihwa, mirairo yakanyorwa pane zvakasikwa. Kana zvisina kudaro, mharidzo yakapiwa neiname inoshandiswa pane faira ine mirairo iyoyo. Kana kuve kusina kupiwa, kukosha kwekushanduka kweFCEDIT kunoshandiswa, uye kukosha kweEEDITOR kana FCEDIT isisati yasarudzwa . Kana kana kushandiswa kuiswa, kunoshandiswa. Kana kugadzirisa kwapera, mirairo yakarongwa inobvumirana uye inopedzerwa.
Mune chimiro chechipiri, murairo unodzokororwa zvakare mushure mokunge imwe neimwe ye pat inoshandiswa ne rep . Nzira yakakosha yekushandisa nayo iyi i `` r = fc -s '', kuitira kuti kuisa `` r cc '' kunyore murairo wokupedzisira unotanga `` cc '' uye kuisa `` r '' zvakare kunopedza command.
Kana iyo fomu yekutanga inoshandiswa, kukosha kwekudzoka kune 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kunaka chinosangana kana kuti chekutanga kana chekupedzisira chinotsanangura mitsetse yezvakabuda kunze. Kana iyo- yechinhu ichi inopiwa, kukosha kwekudzoka ndiko kukosha kwemurairo wekupedzisira wakaitwa kana kukanganisa kana kukanganisa kunoitika neiyo pfupi faira yemirairo. Kana iyo fomu yechipiri inoshandiswa, mamiriro ekudzoka ndeaya emurairo zvakare akaitwa, kunze kwekuti cmd isingatauri yakakodzera mutsara wezvakaitika, pane imwe nyaya fc inodzokera kusakundikana.
fg [ jobspec ]
Dzorerazve jobspec mberi, uye ita kuti ive basa razvino. Kana jobspec isipo, pfungwa yekomboro yebasa iri ikozvino inoshandiswa. Kudzoka kwekudzoka ndeyeyo murairo wakaiswa mberi, kana kukanganisa kana kumhanya kana basa rekugadzirisa rakaremara kana, kana kumhanya nebasa rekuita basa rakabvumirwa, kana jobspec isingatauri basa rakakodzera kana jobspec inotsanangura basa rakatanga pasina kushanda kwebasa .
getopts optstring zita [ args ]
getopts inoshandiswa nekomborongwa maitiro ekugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu. optstring ine zvinyorwa zvekusarudza kuti zvizivikanwe; kana chimiro chinoteverwa nekoloni, sarudzo inotarisirwa kuva nekakavhiringidza, iyo inofanira kuparadzaniswa nayo nechena chivara. Ikosi yekoloni uye mubvunzo mavara mazita haagoni kushandiswa sekusarudza mavara. Nguva imwe neimwe iyo inoshandiswa, inotora inosarudza nzira inotevera mune zita rekushandurudza zita , kutanga kwezita kana risipo, uye nhamba yehurukuro inotevera inofanira kushandurwa kuva yakashandurwa OPTIND . OPTIND inotanga kusvika 1 nguva imwe neimwe apo shell kana script shell inoshandiswa. Kana chisarudzo chinoda kukakavadzana, kunotora nzvimbo iyo nharo muIndaneti yakasiyana OPTARG .Chombo haina kugadzirisa OPTIND chete; inofanira kunge ichishandiswa patsva pakati pemafoni akawanda kuti iwane zvinyorwa mukati memamwechetekukumbira kweko kana sarudzo itsva yezvigadziriswa inofanira kushandiswa.
Apo kuguma kwekusarudzwa kwasangana, zvikwereti zvinobuda nemutengo wokudzoka mukuru kudarika zero. OPTIND yakagadzirirwa kune index yekutanga isingasarudzo mhiri, uye zita rinotarirwa ku?
kunowanzoita kuti pave nemararamiro emamiriro ezvinhu, asi kana dzimwe nharo dzichipiwa muArgs , dzinotora zvinyorwa izvi panzvimbo.
zvinyorwa zvinogona kupa zvikanganiso nenzira mbiri. Kana yekutanga chimiro che optstring chikoni, kutaura kwekukanganisa kukanganisa kunoshandiswa. Muchidimbu chirongwa chekuongorora zviratidzo zvakadhindwa kana zvisarudzo zvisingawaniki kana kuti pane zvisiri izvo zvinopikisana zvinosangana nazvo. Kana ichitsvaga OPTERR ichiiswa ku 0, hapana mhinduro dzisina kururama dzicharatidzwa, kunyange kana mutsa wekutanga we optstring usati uri coloni .
Kana chisarudzo chisina kunaka chichionekwa, chinotora nzvimbo? muzita uye, kana isinganyarari, inogadzirisa mhosho yemashoko uye haigadziri OPTARG . Kana kuvhara kwanyarara , sarudzo inowanikwa inowanikwa muOpTARG uye hapana mutsara wekuongorora unoparidzirwa .
Kana kukakavara kunenge kusingawanikwi , uye getopts haisi kunyarara, mubvunzo wemibvunzo ( ? ) Inowanikwa muzita , OPTARG haigadziri, uye mutsara wekutsvaga unodhindwa. Kana kuvhara kwanyarara , ipapo coloni (:) inoiswa muzita uye OPTARG inotarirwa kune sarudzo yemunhu akawanikwa.
getopts inodzoka zvechokwadi kana chisarudzo, chakataurwa kana chisingazivikanwi, chinowanikwa. Iyo inodzokera nhema kana kuguma kwezvasarudzo kuri kusangana kana kukanganisa kunoitika.
hash [ -lr ] [ -p filename ] [ -dt ] [ zita ]
Pamusoro pezita rimwe nerimwe, zita rose refaira remurairo rinotsanangurwa nekutsvaga zvinyorwa mu $ PATH uye kuyeuka. Kana iyo -p sarudzo inoshandiswa, hapana nzira yekutsvaga inoitwa, uye filename inoshandiswa sezita rakakwana refaira yemirairo. I-- o sarudzo inokonzera kuti shell kukanganwa nzvimbo dzose dzinorangarirwa. I-- d sarudzo inokonzera kuti shell inokanganwa nzvimbo inorangarirwa yezita rimwe nerimwe. Kana iyo -iyo sarudzo inopiwa, iyo nzira yakakwana iyo zita rimwe nerimwe rinowirirana rakadhindwa. Kana mazita akawanda mazano anopiwa ne -t , zita rakadhindwa kusati kwazadza nzira yakakwana. I -- sarudzo inokonzera zvigadzirwa kuti ionekwe mumutauro unogona kushandiswa zvakare sechipo. Kana pasina nharo dzinopihwa, kana kana chete - iyo inopiwa, ruzivo pamusoro pemirairo yekuyeuka runodhindwa. Mamiriro ekudzoka ndeechokwadi kunze kwekuti zita risingawanikwi kana kuti chisarudzo chisina kunaka chinopiwa.
rubatsiro [ -s ] [ muenzaniso ]
Ratidza ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pemirairo yakagadzirwa. Kana maitiro akarondedzerwa, rubatsiro runopa rubatsiro rwakadzama pamusoro pemirairo yose yakafanana nepakati ; kana zvisina kudaro rubatsiro rwezvinhu zvose zvakavakwa uye zvirongwa zvekuchengetedza shell zvinodhindwa. I -- sarudzo inogadzirisa ruzivo rwuri kuratidzwa muchidimbu chekushandisa shanduro. Mamiriro ekudzoka ari 0 kunze kwekuti hapana mutemo unofananidzwa nepakati .
nhoroondo [ n ]
nhoroondo -c
nhoroondo -d offset
nhoroondo -rw [ filename ]
nhoroondo -p arg [ arg ... ]
history -s arg [ arg ... ]
Pasina zvingasarudzwa, ratidzai mutemo wenhoroondo urongwa nematare emutsara. Mitsara yakanyorwa ne * yakashandurwa. Nharo ye n inongororongedza chete nhamba yekupedzisira. Kana filename inowanikwa, inoshandiswa sezita renhoroondo yepasita; kana zvisina, kukosha kwaHISTFILE kunoshandiswa. Zvisarudzo, kana zvakapiwa, zvine zvarinoreva zvinotevera:
-c
Bvisa runyorwa rwemabhuku nekubvisa zvose zvinyorwa.
-d offset
Bvisai kupinda mumasangano panzvimbo yakakanganiswa .
-a
Shandisai `` mitsva '' mitsara yezvakaitika (mitsetse yevanhoroondo yakapinda kubvira pakutanga kwemazuva emasikati ) kusvika kune faira rekare.
-n
Verenga mitsetse yekare isati yamboverengwa kubva kune faira yekaitika kusvika kune nhoroondo yezvino. Aya ndiwo mitsetse yakasungirirwa kune faira rekare kubvira pakatanga kwemazamu masikati.
-r
Verenga zviri mukati meiyo faira uye uzvishandise seyakaitika kare.
-w
Nyora nhoroondo yemazuva ano kune faira rekare, kubvisa zvinyorwa zvepasitori.
-p
Ita zvinyorwa zvinyorwa panzvimbo yema args anotevera uye uratidze chigumisiro pahuwandu hwehuwandu. Hazvichengetedze mhinduro muhuwandu hwemashoko. Iga yega inofanira kunyoreswa kuti ivharire huwandu hwezvakaitika kare.
-s
Chengetedza args mune nhoroondo yezvakaitika sechinhu chimwe chete chinopinda. Murairo wekupedzisira munhoroondo yezvenhoroondo unobviswa vasati vasvika ma args .
Nhamba yekudzoka ndeye 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kunaka chinosangana, kukanganisa kunoitika paunenge uchiverenga kana kunyora faira rekare, kusagadzikana kusina kukodzera kunowanikwa sepikicha kune -d , kana kuwedzerwa kwepano kunowanikwa sepikicha -p inokundikana.
mabasa [ -lnprs ] [ jobspec ...]
jobs -x command [ args ...]
Iko fomu yekutanga inonyora mabasa anoshingaira. Zvisarudzo zvinoreva zvinotevera:
-l
Rondedzera manzwiro eZV kuwedzera kune mashoko akajairika.
-p
Rongedza chete nzira yekutsvaga yebasa remushandi weboka.
-n
Ratidza ruzivo chete nezvemabasa akashandura mamiriro ezvinhu kubva kumusana wekupedzisira akaudzwa nezvenzvimbo yavo.
-r
Dzorera zvakabuda kumabasa.
-s
Dzorera zvabuda kuti usiye mabasa.
Kana jobspec inopiwa, zvakakonzerwa zvinongowanikwa kune ruzivo pamusoro pebasa iroro. Mamiriro ekudzoka ari 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kunaka chinosangana kana kuti workpec isina kukodzera inopiwa.
Kana iyo -x chisarudzo ichiendeswa , basa rinotsiva chero basa respec rinowanikwa mumutungamiri kana args neyoyo maitiro eIndaneti yeboka, uye inoita murairo unopfuudza args , kudzorera mamiriro ayo ekubuda.
kuuraya [ -s sigspec | -n signum | - sigspec ] [ pid | jobspec ] ...
kuuraya -l [ sigspec | exit_status ]
Tumira chiratidzo chinonzi sigspec kana kuti signum kune zvinonzi pid kana jobspec . sigspec ingangodaro zita rezita rakafanana SIGKILL kana nhamba yechiratidzo; signum inhamba yechiratidzo. Kana sigspec iri zita rechiratidzo, zita racho rinogona kupiwa pamwe kana kuti pasina chikamu cheSIG . Kana sigspec isipo, ipapo SIGTERM inofungidzirwa. Nharo ye -- inonyora mazita ezviratidzo . Kana dzimwe nharo dzinowanikwa apo - iyo inopiwa, mazita ezviratidzo zvinoenderana nemashoko anotsanangurwa, uye mamiriro ekudzoka ari 0. The exit_status argument kune -i inhamba inoratidza kana nhamba yechitsauko kana kuti kubuda kwe kugadziriswa kwechiratidzo. kuuraya kunodzoka kwechokwadi kana chiratidzo chimwe chete chikabudirira kutumirwa, kana nhema kana kukanganisa kunoitika kana chisarudzo chisina kunaka chinosangana.
let arg [ arg ...]
Iga yega is aritmetic expression kurongedzwa (ona ARITMETIC EVALUATION ). Kana yekupedzisira arg ichiongorora kusvika ku 0, regai kudzorera 1; 0 inodzorerwa zvimwe.
nzvimbo [ sarudzo ] [ zita [= value ] ...]
Pamusangano mumwe nomumwe, shanduko yemunharaunda inonzi zita yakasikwa, uye inopa kukosha . Izvozvo zvinogona kuva chero zvingasarudzwa kuburikidza nekuzivisa . Kana nzvimbo inoshandiswa mukati mebasa, inokonzera kuti zita rakasiyana-siyana rive nehuwandu hunoonekwa kune izvozvi uye nevana vayo. Pasina maitiro, nzvimbo inonyora urongwa hwemashanduko emunharaunda kusvika kuhuwandu hwekubuda. Iko kukanganisa kushandiswa kwepanyika kana kwete mukati mebasa. Mamiriro ekudzoka ari 0 kunze kwekunge nzvimbo yako inoshandiswa kunze kwebasa, zita risingazivikanwi rinopiwa, kana zita rinoshandiswa kuverengwa.
kubuda
Buda segock shell.
popd [- n ] [+ n ] [- n ]
Inobvisa zvinyorwa kubva pane zvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Pasina nharo, anobvisa nyora yakadzama kubva padivha, uye anoita cd kune iyo nyanzvi yepamusoro. Nharo, kana dzakapiwa, dzine zvinoreva izvi:
+ n
Inobvisa n th kupinda kuverenga kubva kuruboshwe rwerwendo runoratidzwa nevana, kutanga ne zero. Somuenzaniso: `` popd +0 '' inobvisa zvinyorwa zvekutanga, `popd +1 '' yechipiri.
- n
Inobvisa n th kupinda kuverenga kubva kurudyi rwerwendo rwakaratidzwa nevakadzi, kutanga ne zero. Semuenzaniso: `` popd -0 '' inodzinga shanduro yekupedzisira, `` popd -1 '' inotevera kusvika pakupedzisira.
-n
Kunoderedza kushandurwa kwechirevo chekunyorwa kwekunyoresa paunenge wabvisa zvinyorwa kubva padivha, kuitira kuti ndiyo chete inoshandiswa.
Kana mutemo wepadd uchibudirira, mahara anoshandawo zvakare, uye nzvimbo yekudzoka ipo 0. popd inodzoka nhema kana chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chasangana, shanduro yekunyora haina chinhu, iyo haisipo yechirongwa chekupinda mukati inotsanangurwa, kana bhuku kuchinja kunokundikana.
printf format [ arguments ]
Nyora zvirevo zvakarongeka kune zvakashambadza pasi pekutonga kwemaitiro . Mhando yakagadzirirwa tambo ine mhando mitatu yezvinhu: mavara akajeka, ayo akangokopirwa kuhutano huripo, hutsika hunobuda hunobuda, hunoshandurwa uye hukopihwa kuhuwandu hwekubuda, uye mafomatiro ezvinyorwa, chimwe nechimwe chinokonzera kudhinda kwechipiri kutevera kukaka . Pamusoro pezvinyorwa zvinyorwa zvinyorwa (1) mafomu, % b inoita kuti printf iwedzere kushandiswa kwemashure ekudzivirira kusvibiswa mumakakatanwa anokonzera , uye % q inokonzera printf kuti ibudise mhirizhonga inokodzera mumutauro unogona kushandiswa zvakare sekugovera shell.
Idzimiro inoshandiswa zvakare sezvinodiwa kupedza zvose zvinopesana . Kana iyo mafomu inoda zvimwe zvinopesana kupfuura izvo zvinopiwa, maitiro akawedzerwa mamwe maitiro anoita sekuti kana zero kukosha kana tambo isina kushandiswa, sezvakakodzera, yakanga yapiwa. Kudzoka kwekudzokera kune zero pakubudirira, kwete-zero pakundikana.
panda [ -n ] [ dir ]
pushd [ -n ] [+ n ] [- n ]
Anowedzera tsanangudzo kusvika kumusoro kwebhuku rekuchengetedza, kana kuti anotenderera paki, achigadzira denga idzva remutambo wekushandura ikozvino. Pasina nharo, kugoverana mabhuku maviri epamusoro uye anodzoka 0, kunze kwekuti shandisi yekudhinda isina chinhu. Nharo, kana dzakapiwa, dzine zvinoreva izvi:
+ n
Inoshandura mucheka kuitira kuti n th directory (kuverenga kubva kuruboshwe rworwendo rwuri kuratidzwa nemahara , kutanga ne zero) riri pamusoro.
- n
Inotenderera chidimbu kuitira kuti n th directory (kuverenga kubva kurudyi rwerwendo rwuri kuratidzwa nemahara , kutanga ne zero) riri pamusoro.
-n
Kunoderedza kushandurwa kwechinyakare kwehuwandu paunowedzera zvinyorwa kudivha, kuitira kuti iyo chete ndiyo inoshandiswa.
dir
Inowedzera tsvina kumutsetse wepeji kumusoro, uchiita kuti ive itsva yekushanda yemazuva ano.
Kana mutemo we pushd uri kubudirira, mahara anoshandawo saizvozvo. Kana iyo fomu yekutanga inoshandiswa, pushd inodzoka 0 kunze kwekuti cd inonzwa ikundikana. Neyechipiri chimiro, pushd inodzoka 0 kunze kwekuti shanduro yekunyora isina chinhu, iyo isipo shanduro stack element inotsanangurwa, kana iyo shanduko inoshanduka kune yakasarudzwa itsva yemazuva ino inokundikana.
pwd [ -LP ]
Shandisa iyo nzira yakakwana yekushandura ino. Iyo nzira yakadhindwa haina chinyorwa chekufananidzira kana iyo -P sarudzo inoshandiswa kana-- kugadzikana kwenyama kune yakagadzirwa yakagadzirwa murairo inobvumira. Kana iyo -I sarudzo inoshandiswa, iyo nzira yakadhindwa inogona kunge ine zvigadzirwa zvekufananidzira. Mamiriro ekudzoka ari 0 kunze kwekuti kukanganisa kunoitika apo uchiverenga zita rerunhare rwezvino kana kuti chisina kunaka chisarudzo chinopiwa.
verenga [ -ers ] [ -u fd ] [ -t timeout ] [ -a aname ] [ -p nokukurumidza ] [ -n nchars ] [ -d delim ] [ zita ...]
Imwe mutsara inowanikwa kubva pane inowanikwa, kana kubva kufaira rinotsanangura fd inowanikwa sepikicha kune-- kusarudza, uye shoko rokutanga rinopiwa kune zita rokutanga, izwi rechipiri kune zita rechipiri, uye zvichiri mberi, zvakasara mazwi uye vakaparadzanisa avo vanopindira vakapiwa zita rekupedzisira. Kana pane mashoko mashomanana akaverengerwa kubva pane kugovera kwemashoko kupfuura mazita, mazita akasara anopiwa maitiro asina chinhu. Vanhu vari mu IFS vanoshandiswa kuparadzanisa mutsetse mumashoko. Mutsika wekudzokera shure ( \ ) unogona kushandiswa kubvisa chero chinangwa chaicho chechimiro chinotevera chiverenge uye chekuenderera mberi kwemutsara. Zvisarudzo, kana zvakapiwa, zvine zvarinoreva zvinotevera:
-a aname
Mashoko aya anopiwa kuenzanirana mavara emutsetse weaname yakafanana , kutanga pa 0. aname inotanga kusati yatanga chero hupi hupi hutsva hunoendeswa . Mamwe mazita anokakavadzana haana hanya.
-d delim
Mhando yekutanga ye delim inoshandiswa kupedza mutsara wokupinda, pane kutora mutsara.
-e
Kana iyo inowanikwa inowanikwa ichibva kunechine mishonga , yerendaneti (ona READLINE pamusoro) inoshandiswa kuwana mutsara.
-n nchars
verenga kudzoka mushure mokuverenga nchars characters pane kutsvaga mutsara wakazara wekugovera.
-p nokukurumidza
Ratidza kukurumidza pane kukanganisa kwakaenzana, pasina mutsara unotevera, usati waedza kuverenga chero upi zvake. Inokuratidza inoratidzwa chete kana kuwanikwa kuri kuuya kubva kumagetsi.
-r
Kudzokera shure hakuiti sevanhu vanopukunyuka. Kudzoka shure kunofungidzirwa kuva chikamu chemutsara. Kunyanya, sarudzo yekudzokera shure-itsva inogona kusashandiswa sekuenderera mberi kwemutsara.
-s
Silent mode. Kana mapindiro ari kuuya kubva kumugumo, vanhu havana kukodzera.
-ku nguva
Cherechedza kuverengera nguva uye kudzoka kusakundikana kana mutsara wakazara wekupinza usati waverengwa mukati memakore mashomanana. Ichi chisarudzo hachina maturo kana kuverenga hakusi kuverenga kuwanikwa kubva kumugumo kana pombi.
-u fdFP
Verenga mhinduro kubva kufodhi munyori fd .
Kana pasina mazita anopiwa, mutsetse unowanikwa unogoverwa kushandura DHIYO . Nhamba yekudzoka i zero, kunze kwekuguma kwe-faira iripo, kuverengera nguva nguva, kana kuti faira rekunyora rinotsanangurwa inowanikwa sepikicha kune -u .
readonly [ -apf ] [ zita ...]
Mazita anopiwa anotsanangurwa readonly; maitiro emazita aya haafaniri kuchinjwa nebasa rinotevera. Kana iyo -f sarudzo inopiwa, mabasa anowirirana nemazita akanyorwa zvakanyanya. I - yechinhu chinoshandura zvinoshandiswa pamakamuri. Kana pasina zita rinopesana rakapiwa, kana kana--kusarudzo yakapiwa, runyorwa rwemazita ose ekuverengwa mazita anonyorwa. I--p chikonzero chinokonzera zvigadzirwa kuti zvienzaniswe mumutauro unogona kushandiswa zvakare semuyo. Mamiriro okudzoka ari 0 kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kuwanikwa chasangana, rimwe remazita harisi iro rinozivikanwa rekushandurwa kwezita zita, kana -f rinowanikwa nezita iro harisi basa.
dzoka [ n ]
Zvinokonzera basa kuti ibve nemari yekudzoka inotsanangurwa n . Kana n isina kusiyiwa, mamiriro ekudzoka ndeaya emurairo wekupedzisira wakaitwa mumuviri wemabasa. Kana yakashandiswa kunze kwebasa, asi panguva yekuitwa script ne . ( chinyorwa ) murairo, inokonzera shell kuti irege kuita script iyo uye inodzoka n kana nhengo yekubuda yemirairo yekupedzisira inoshandiswa mukati me script semamiriro ekubuda echo script. Kana yakashandiswa kunze kwebasa uye kwete panguva yekuitwa script by . , nzvimbo yekudzoka inhema.
set [ --abefhkmnptuvxBCHP ] [ -o option ] [ arg ...]
Pasina zvingasarudzwa, zita uye kukosha kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe shanduko inoratidzirwa mumutauro unogona kushandiswa zvakare sechipo. Izvo zvinobudiswa zvinorongwa maererano nenzvimbo yemazuva ano. Kana zvisarudzo zvataurwa, zvinogadzirisa kana kusagadzirisa maitiro e shell. Chero nharo dzakasara mushure mokunge zvisarudzo zvichishandurwa dzinobatwa sehutano hwemamiriro ezvinhu epo uye dzinopiwa, kuitira, kusvika kune $ 1 , $ 2 , ... $ n . Zvisarudzo, kana zvataurwa, zvine zvinoreva zvinotevera:
-a
Shingaira kuisa zvipembenene nemabasa zvinoshandurwa kana zvisikwa zvekutengeserana kumhepo yemirairo inotevera.
-b
Taura chiitiko chekugumisa basa rekupedzisira pakarepo, pane kutanga kwekutanga kukurumidza kukurumidza. Izvi zvinoshanda chete kana basa rokubatsira richibvumira.
-e
Buda pakarepo kana mutemo usina kuoma (ona SHELL GRAMMAR kumusoro) inobva kune imwe nzvimbo isiri zero. Iko shell haibvi kana kana murairo unokundikana chikamu chekuti kusvika kana nguva apo , chikamu chekuti kana kutaura, chikamu che && or || urongwa, kana kuti mutemo wekudzoka kwemurairo uri kuchinjwa kuburikidza ! . Musungo we ERR , kana wakagadzirirwa, unourawa isati yabuda.
-f
Dzvitsa nzira yekuwedzera.
-h
Yeuka nzvimbo yemirairo sezvavanotaridzirwa kumusoro kuti vaurayiwe. Izvi zvinobvumirwa nekutadza.
-k
Zvose zvinopesana nemufananidzo wekugovera zvinyorwa zvinowanikwa munharaunda yemurairo, kwete chete iyo inotangira zita remurairo.
-m
Monitor mode. Kutonga kwaJobho kunobvumira. Iyi sarudzo ndeyokusavapo kwekubatana kwekombodhi pane zvese zvinotsigira iyo (ona JOB CONTROL kumusoro). Nheyo dzenharaunda dzinotungamira mune rimwe boka reboka uye mutsara unenge wakabuda nehuwandu hwacho hunodhindwa pakupera kwawo.
-n
Verenga mirairo asi usavauraya. Izvi zvinogona kushandiswa kutarisa script shell kuti zvikanganiso zve syntax. Izvi hazvibvumirwi nekubatanidza ma shells.
-o chisarudzo-zita
Iko -mazita-zita rinogona kuva rimwe reizvi:
allexport
Same se -a .
braceexpand
Same se -B .
emacs
Shandisa emacs-style command line editing interface. Izvi zvinobvumirwa nekusavapo apo shell inobatanidza, kunze kwekuti shell inotanga ne -no kusarudzo sarudzo.
errexit
Same se -e .
hashall
Same se -h .
histexpand
Same se -H .
nhoroondo
Ita kuti nheyo yepamutemo ishandiswe, sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa pasi PAMUSORO .Zvino sarudzo iyi inowanikwa musinganzwisisiki.
ignoreeof
Izvo zvinoita sekunge kuti shell inorayira `` IGNOREEOF = 10 '' yakanga yaurayiwa (ona Shell Variables kumusoro).
keyword
Same se -k .
chengeta
Same se -m .
noclobber
Same se -C .
noexec
Same se -n .
noglob
Same se -f . nolog
zivisa
Same se -b .
nounset
Same se -u .
onecmd
Same se -t .
nyama
Same se -P .
posix
Shandura maitiro ebha iyo kushandiswa kusina kusiyaniswa kwakasiyana kubva paPOSIX 1003.2 muzinga kuti ufanane nemamiriro ezvinhu ( posix mode ).
ropafadzo
Same se -p .
verbose
Same se -v .
vi
Shandisa vi-style command line editing interface.
xtrace
Same se -x .
Kana -o inopiwa pasina chino-mazita , maitiro emakasarudzo emazuva ano akadhindwa. Kana + o inopiwa pasina chinoti-zita , mitsara yemirairo yakagadziridzwa yekudzokorora zvigadziridzo zvekugadzirisa zviripo zvinoratidzwa pamutengo wakatarwa.
-p
Dzorerai ropafadzo . Mune mamiriro aya, iyo $ ENV ne $ BASH_ENV mafaira haisi kushandiswa, maitiro e shell haasi nhaka kubva kune zvakatipoteredza, uye SHELLOPTS inoshanduka, kana ichionekwa mumamiriro ehupenyu, haina hanya. Kana iyo shell inotanga nemunhu anoshandisa (boka) id isiri yakakwana neyonyatsoshandisa (boka) id, uye -p chisarudzo hachina kupiwa, izvi zviito zvinotorwa uye id idhi yevashandisi inoshandiswa kumudhi chaiyo user. Kana iyo -p sarudzo inowanikwa panotanga, iyo idhi yevashandisi inoshanda haina kudzorerwa zvakare. Kushandura iyi sarudzo kunokonzera kuti vashandi vanobudirira uye mavoti eboka vagoiswa kumunhu chaiye wevashandisi neboka reki.
-t
Buda mushure mokuverenga nekuita murairo umwe.
-u
Shandisai kusarudza kushandura sechinhu chisina kukanganisa pakuita parameter kuwedzera. Kana kuwedzera kuri kuedza kushandiswa kusina kushandiswa, shell inonyora mhosho yemashoko, uye, kana isingapindirani, inobva kune imwe nzvimbo isiri zero.
-v
Shandisa majekiti ekuisa miganhu sezvavanoverengwa.
-x
Mushure mekuwedzera mutemo wega wega uri nyore , kuratidza huwandu hwakawedzerwa hwe PS4 , hunoteverwa nemurairo uye nharo dzacho dzakasimbiswa.
-B
Iko shell inoita kuwedzera kuwedzera (ona Kuwedzera kweBrace kumusoro). Izvi zviri kuitika.
-C
Kana yakagadzirirwa, bash haisi kunyora faira iripo ne > , > & , uye <> redirection operators. Izvi zvingave zvakakonzerwa pakusikwa purogiramu mafaira uchishandisa redirection operator > | panzvimbo ye > .
-H
Bvumira ! style history substitution. Iyi sarudzo inosvika pakusiya apo shell inobatanidza.
-P
Kana yakagadzirirwa, shell haigoni kutevedzera zviratidzo kana ichiita mirairo yakadai se cd inoshandura ikozvino yekushandura bhuku. Iyo inoshandisa chimiro chekunyora zvinyorwa pane. Nokutadza, bash inotevera kero yakarurama yezvinyorwa kana ichiita mirairo iyo inoshandura ikozvino yechirongwa.
-
Kana pasina nharo dzinotevera sarudzo iyi, saka mamiriro ezvinhu akadai haasviki. Kana zvisina kudaro, mamiriro ezvinhu echimiro akaiswa kune arg s, kunyange kana mamwe acho achatanga ne - .
-
Ratidza kuguma kwezvasarudzo, ita kuti zvose zvakasara arg s zvigoverwe kumiganhu yemamiriro. I-- x uye -v nzira dzakadzimwa. Kana paine pasina args, mamiriro acho ezvinhu anoramba asina kuchinja.
Zvisarudzo zviripo zvisiri zvacho kunze kwekunge zvataurwa. Kushandisa + pane-kunokonzera kuti izvi zvigadziriswe. Zvisarudzo zvingave zvakare zvinotsanangurwa semafungiro ekukumbira kweiyo shell. Iko yakagadzirirwa ikozvino yekusarudza inogona kuwanikwa mu $ - . Mamiriro ekudzoka anogara ari echokwadi kunze kwekuti chisarudzo chisina kunaka chinosangana.
shandura [ n ]
Mamiriro ezvinhu anobva n n +1 ... anodanwazve ku $ 1 .... Parameters inomiririrwa nenhamba dze $ # kusvika ku $ # - n +1 inotadza. n inofanira kunge iri nhamba isiri iyo isina pasi kana yakaenzana ne $ # . Kana n is 0, hapana mamiririri akachinjwa. Kana n isati yapiwa, inofungidzirwa kuva 1. Kana n yakawanda kupfuura $ # , mamiririri emamiriro ezvinhu haana kuchinjwa. Mamiriro ekudzoka akawandisa kupfuura zero kana n yakakura kudarika $ # kana pasi pezero; zvisingaiti 0.
shopt [ -pqsu ] [ -o ] [ optname ...]
Shandurai maitiro ezvimwe zvinoshandiswa kudzora sarudzo yekodha. Pasina zvingasarudzwa, kana ne--sarudzo, runyora rwezvinhu zvose zvinogadziriswa zvinoratidzwa, zvine chiratidzo chekuti kana kwete imwe neimwe yakagadzirirwa. I--p chikonzero chinokonzera zvigadzirwa kuti zvaratidzwe mufomu iyo inogona kushandiswa zvakare seyokupinza. Zvimwe zvingasarudzwa zvinoreva zvinotevera:
-s
Ita kuti (ita) imwe neimwe yezita .
-u
Dzinga (reset) imwe neimwe yezita .
-q
Kunodzinga huwandu hwezvinhu zvakakwana (kunyarara mode); mamiriro ekudzoka anoratidza kana zita rekutora rakagadzirirwa kana kusasarudzwa. Kana mazita akawanda eptname anopiwa ne -q , mamiriro ekudzoka zero kana ose optnames akwaniswa ; kwete-zero zvimwe.
-o
Rinodzivirira hutsika hwe optname kuti ive iyo inotsanangurwa nokuda kwe -o sarudzo kune yakagadzirwa .
Kana --ka kana -u inoshandiswa pasina nhaurirano ye optname , kuratidzwa kunogumira kune izvo zvasarudzo zvinogadzirirwa kana kusasarudzwa, maererano. Kunze kwekunge zvataurwa zvimwe, zvisarudzo zvakatsvaga zvakabviswa (kusasunungura) nekutadza.
Nzvimbo yekudzoka painoronga zvingani zero kana ose optnames akwaniswa , kwete zero zvimwe. Paunenge uchigadzirisa kana kusarura zvingasarudzwa, nzvimbo yekudzoka is zero kunze kwekuti optname isiri yakakodzera shell sarudzo.
Izvo zvinyorwa zvinosarudzwa ndezvekuti:
cdable_vars
Kana yakagadzirirwa, nharo kumutemo weCd builtin iyo isiri iyo inofungidzirwa kuva zita rekutsinhanisa iro rinokosha ndiro bhuku raunogona kuchinja.
cdspell
Kana yakagadziriswa, zvikanganiso zviduku mukupereta kwechinangwa chekunyora mumutemo weCd chichagadziriswa. Iko kukanganisa kuongororwa kune zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, munhu asina kumira, uye mumwe unhu huzhinji. Kana kururamisa kuwanika, zita rakagadziriswa yefaira rakadhindwa, uye murairo unowedzera. Iyi sarudzo inoshandiswa chete nemabatanidzwa eongororo.
checkhash
Kana yakagadzirwa, bash checks chekuti mutemo unowanikwa mune tafura yehayi iripo usati waedza kuhuita. Kana inhayisa mutemo isisipo, imwe nzira nzira yekutsvaga inoitwa.
checkwinsize
Kana yakagadzirirwa, basha rinotarisa hwindo hwamahwindo mushure mega rega uye, kana zvichidiwa, rinodzokorora maitiro eLINES neCOLUMNS .
cmdhist
Kana yakagadzirirwa, basha rinoedza kuchengetedza mitsetse yose yemirairo yakawanda-mutsva mune imwe nhoroondo yekupinda. Izvi zvinobvumira nyore kudzokorodzwa kwemirairo yakawanda-mitsara.
dotglob
Kana yakagadzirirwa, basha inosanganisira mafaira ekutanga ne `. ' mumigumisiro yenzira yekuwedzera.
execfail
Kana yakagadziriswa, shell isiri iyo inopindirana haizobvi kana ikasagona kuitisa faira inotsanangurwa sepikisheni kumutemo unoitwa wakaitwa. Rimwe ganda rinopindirana hariiti kana ikakundwa .
expand_aliases
Kana yakagadziriswa, zvipfeko zvinowedzerwa sezvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa pasi peAIDS . Iyi sarudzo inobvumirwa nekutadza kwekubatanidza ma shells.
extglob
Kana yakagadziriswa, iyo yakawedzerwa kufanana nezvimwe zvinhu zvinotsanangurwa pamusoro apa pasi Patiname Kuwedzerwa kunobvumira.
histappend
Kana yakagadzirirwa, nhoroondo yehuwandu inowananidzwa kune faira inonzi nehuwandu hwehutachiona hweHISTFILE apo shell inobva, panzvimbo yekudarika faira.
histreedit
Kana yakagadziridzwa, uye kuverenga kwakashandiswa, mushandisi anopiwa mukana wekugadzirisa zvakare kusakundikana kwenhoroondo yekuchinja.
histverify
Kana yakagadziridzwa, uye kuverengwa kwekushandisa kuri kushandiswa, migumisiro yechinzvimbo chekusimba haisi iyo inopfuurirwa kumushandi wegoogle. Pane kudaro, mutsara unoguma unotakurwa mumutauro wekuverenga kuverenga, zvichibvumira kuchinjwazve.
hostcomplete
Kana yakagadzirirwa, uye kuverengera kuri kushandiswa, bashisi vachaedza kuita zita remubatanidzwa kugadziriswa apo shoko riri ne @ riri kupedziswa (ona Kuzadza pasi pe READLINE pamusoro). Izvi zvinobvumirwa nekutadza.
huponexit
Kana yakagadzirirwa, bash vachatumira SIGHUP kune mamwe mabasa apo imwe mhinduro inogadzirisa shell inobva.
interactive_comments
Kana yakagadzirirwa, rega shoko ritange ne # kuti riite kuti shoko iro uye zvese zvakasara pamutsara iwoyo zvirege kuchengetwa muhomwe inobatanidza (ona Mifananidzo kumusoro). Iyi sarudzo inobvumirwa nekutadza.
lithist
Kana yakagadzirirwa, uye chirevo chemashoko chichibvumirwa , mitemo yakawanda- mamirira inochengeterwa munhoroondo ine mitsara yakasanganiswa pane kushandisa semicolon separator kana zvichibvira.
login_shell
Iko shell inoisa sarudzo iyi kana ikatangwa sehogin shell (ona INVOCATION pamusoro). Kukosha hakugone kuchinjwa.
mailwarn
Kana yakagadzirirwa, uye faira iyo inobhadhara kutarisa tsamba yave yakawanikwa kubvira panguva yekupedzisira yakarongedzwa, shoko `` Machete mu mailfile yakaverengwa '' inoratidzwa.
no_empty_cmd_completion
Kana yakagadzirirwa, uye kuverenga kwakashandiswa, bashisi haazoedza kutsvaga PATH kuti zvigone kugadziriswa kana kupedzeredzwa kuedzwa pamurongo usina chinhu.
nocaseglob
Kana yakagadzirirwa, basha inobatanidza mafaira mumutambo usinganzwisisiki paunenge uchiita nzira yekuwedzera (ona Kuwedzera Pathname kumusoro).
nullglob
Kana yakagadzirirwa, basha inobvumira mapeji asina kufanana nemafaira (ona Panamato Yokuwedzera Pasi ) kuti uwedzere kusvika pane chisungo chisina kushandiswa, pane ivo pachavo.
progcomp
Kana yakagadzirirwa, zvivako zvekugadzirisa zvinogadziridzwa (ona Purogiramu Kuzadzikisa pamusoro) zvinobvumirwa. Iyi sarudzo inobvumirwa nekutadza.
promptvars
Kana yakagadzirirwa, tsvimbo dzinokurumidza dzinoenda pakuwedzerwa uye kuparadzanisa kuwedzera shure