Traditional network switches inoshandiswa paChechi 2 yeOSI model apo ma network routers anoshandisa paCheta 3. Izvi zvinowanzokonzera kuvhiringidzika pamusoro peshoko uye chinangwa cheChitsa 3 3 (chinonziwo multilayer switch).
A Layer 3 kushandura ida hardware yakashandiswa inoshandiswa mu network networking. Shanduro 3 shinje inyanzvi inobatanidza yakawanda neyavatori vemagariro, uye kwete muchitarisiko chemuviri. Vose vanogona kutsigira zvirongwa zvakasiyana-siyana , kuongorora mapikisi anouya uye kuita shanduko yekugadzirisa zvisarudzo zvichibva kune iyo nzvimbo uye nzvimbo inosvika inopinda mukati.
Chimwe chezvinyorwa zvakakosha zveChechi 3 shandura pamusoro pe router chiri munzira yekuita zvisarudzo zvinoitwa. Chitsauko 3 shanduko hazvikwanisi kuwana latency network sezvo mapepa asingafaniri kuita matanho ekuwedzera kuburikidza ne router.
Purpose of Layer 3 Shanduko
Chitsauko 3 shanduko dzakagadzirwa se teknolojia yekuvandudza mitambo yekutengesa kushanda panzvimbo dzakawanda dzenharaunda dzenharaunda (LANs) sevashandi vekambani.
Kusiyana kukuru pakati peChina 3 shanduro uye routers iri muvashandi vemuhadi. Iko hardware mukati meChechi 3 shanduko inobatanidza iyo yemagetsi nemagetsi, kushandura imwe yemagetsi eine router nehutachiona hwepadharere yakawanda kuti ipe hutano hwakanaka hwemakanzura emunharaunda.
Uyezve, sezvo yakagadzirirwa kushandiswa paintranets, Chishandiso cheChitatu 3 hachati chave neine hutachiona hweWAN uye nzvimbo yakakura yenzvimbo inoshandisa rudi yendarama ichagara iine.
Izvi zvinowanzoshandiswa kushandisa nzira yekufamba pakati peLANs (VLANs). Mabatsiro eChina 3 shanduro dzeVLAN dzinosanganisira:
- Kuderedza muhuwandu hwemashamba ekuparadzira
- Zviri nyore kuchengetedzwa kwehutano
- Kuvandudza kukanganisa kusarura
Nzira Yakadini 3 Shanduko Shandisa
Kushandurwa kwetsika kunotenderera kufamba kwepamhenderekedzo pakati pezvikwata zvayo zvepanyama maererano nematsetse edziviriro ( MAC addresses ) yezvigadzirwa zvakabatana. Shanduro 3 shandisi vanoshandisa izvozvi pakugadzirisa chitima mukati meLAN.
Vanowedzerawo pane izvi kuburikidza nekushandisa ruzivo rwepaI IP kuti vaite zvigadziro zvekugadzirisa kana vachitarisira kufamba pakati peLANs. Kusiyana neizvi, Chitsauko 4 shanduko dzinoshandisawo nhamba dzenhamba dzeTCP kana UDP .
Kushandisa Chishandiso 3 Shandisa VLANs
Zuva rega rega reLAN rinofanira kupinda uye pikicha-yakarongedzwa pamushanduri. Kuendesa mitemo yemumwe weVLAN interface kunofanirawo kutsanangurwa.
Mimwe Chete 3 shanduro inobatsira DHCP rubatsiro runogona kushandiswa kugovera maIndaneti kumadivayiri mukati meVLAN. Zvimwewo, kunze kweDHCP server inogona kushandiswa, kana static IP marenda akagadzirirwa zvakasiyana.
Matambudziko Aine Girafu 3 Shanduko
Chitsauko 3 shanduro inodhura kupfuura zvigadzirwa zvemagariro asi zvishoma kudarika maitiro edzimba. Kugadzira nekugadzirisa izvi kushanduka uye VLAN zvinodawo mamwe mazano.
Zvishandiso zveChina 3 shanduko zvinongogumira munzvimbo dzemu intranet dzine zvikwata zvakawandisa zvekushandisa zvigadzirwa nemugwagwa. Mishandura eIndaneti haigoni kushandiswa kwezvinhu izvi. Kusakwanisa kushandiswa kweWAN, Chitsauko 3 shanduko haisi nzvimbo yevatori.
Kutumidzwa kwemashanduko aya kunobva kune pfungwa mumutambo weOSI, apo nheyo yechitatu inozivikanwa se Network Network. Zvinosuruvarisa, izvi zvinyorwa zvisiri izvo hazviiti zvakanaka kusiyanisa maitiro akasiyana pakati pemakambani emiti. Kunyora mazita kwakakonzera kuvhiringidzika kukuru mumusika.