Munhu wose anotaura nezvemigwagwa yebroadband sezvakakosha kumakomba ekumba, asi vanhu vashomanana vanotora nguva yekucherechedza pazvinhu zvose iro router inogona kuita. Makomiraji emusha anopa zvinhu zvakawanda zvinobatsira kunze kwekukurukurirana kwekugovana. Vagadziri vange vachiwedzera mamwe mabhero uye mheremhere mumakore achangopfuura.
Imba yako yekugara purogiramu ino inobatsira zvakakwana router's capabilities here? Zvikamu zviri pasi apa zvinokufambisa kuburikidza nezvinhu zvavo zvakawanda uye mabasa. Kana uchitenga kutenga router mutsva, ita kuti mhando yaunosarudza inotsigira zvaunoda, sezvo ivo vose vasingatauri zvimwechetezvo.
Single kana Dual Band Wi-Fi
Mharaunda yemagariro ye-Wi-Fi routers yaiva neredhiyo imwe yakaparadzirwa pa 2.4 GHz frequency band. 802.11n ma router aive nekombiyuta yekukurukurirana inonzi MIMO (Multiple In Multiple Out) yakashandura iyo. Neviri (kana yakawanda) inopinda maredhiyo akaiswa mumkati, mairaira emusha anogona kugoverana kuburikidza nehuwandu hwemafrenda evanhu kupfuura kare kana kuburikidza nemapoka akasiyana akasiyana.
Izvozvo zvinodaro dual-band Wi-Fi routers dzinotsigira maredhiyo akawanda uye dzinoshanda pane zvose 2.4 GHz uye mapoka mashanu eGHz. Mataira aya anobvumira mhuri kuti dzigadzire mhando mbiri dzisina wire subnetworks uye dzinowana zvigaro zvemarudzi ose. Semuenzaniso, 5 GHz kuwirirana kunogona kupa hupamhi huri nani kupfuura huwandu hwe 2.4 GHz, nepo 2.4 GHz inowanzopa huri nani pamwe nekuenderana nemashandi akare.
Nokuwedzera, ona: Dual-Band Wireless Networking Tsanangudzo
Traditional kana Gigabit Ethernet
Vakawanda vemhuri yekutanga yekutanga uye yechipiri havana kubatsigira Wi-Fi. Izvi zvinonzi "wired broadband" ma router aipa machwet Ethernet chete, akagadzirirwa kuvhara PC, printer uye zvichida mutambo wemutambo. Kuti tibatsire zvakanyanya teknolojia, vamwe varidzi veimba vakatarisa kuti vagadzirire dzimba dzavo neEthernet cable .run kumakamuri akasiyana-siyana.
Kunyange nanhasi, ine mukurumbira weWi-Fi nemagetsi emafaira (akawanda ayo asingatsigire chero hutano hwehutano), vataki vanoenderera mberi vachiisa Ethernet mumba mavo routers.Ethernet inopa hutano huri nani hwehutano kupfuura kushamwaridzana kwemhepo mune mamiriro ezvinhu akawanda. Mhando dzakawanda dzinonzi broadband modems dzinoshamwaridzana nemirairi neEthernet, uye mitambo yakaoma kazhinji inosarudza iyo pamusoro peWi-Fi pamitambo yavo yemitambo.
Kusvikira munguva pfupi yapfuura, vatori vese vakatsigira maMbps 100 000 (dzimwe nguva anonzi "10/100" kana "Fast Ethernet" teknolojia) semadzitateguru avo ekare. Mifananidzo itsva uye yepamusoro-soro inovandudza iyo kuGigabit Ethernet , zviri nani pakushambadzira kwevamwe uye mamwe maitiro anoshandiswa.
IPv4 uye IPv6
Vose routers emisha vanotsigira Internet Protocol (IP) . Vose vatsva vanotsigira mafungiro maviri akasiyana e-IP - itsva IP version 6 (IPv6) yakaenzana uye yakwegura asi inowanzoenderera mberi 4 (IPv4). Makambani ekare ebandaneti akatsigira IPv4 chete. Kunyange zvazvo uine IPv6 yakakodzera router haina kunyanya kudiwa, mishonga yepamusha inogona kubatsirwa nekuchengetedzwa uye kubudirira kwebasa iyo inopa.
Network Address Translation (NAT)
Chimwe chezvinhu zvinochengeteka zvekuchengetedzwa kwemakarita emisha, teknolojia yeNetell Translation Translation (NAT) inogadzirisa chirongwa chekutaura chendaneti yeimba uye kuwirirana kwayo kuInternet. NAT inotarisa kero yezvigadziri zvose zvakabatanidzwa ne router uye chero mharidzo yavanoita kunyika yekunze kuitira kuti router inogona kutungamirira mhinduro kune imwe nzira yakakodzera gare gare. Vamwe vanhu vanoshevedza nhengo iyi "NAT firewall" sezvo inonyatsovhara mitemo ine utsinye semamwe marudzi emapurogiramu emoto .
Kukurukurirana uye Zvimwe Zvokugovana
Kugovana neInternet connection pamusana peimba yepamusoro ne router isina-brainer (ona - Ungataurira Sei Kakombiyuta kuInternet ). Kunze kwekuwanika kweIndaneti, mamwe marudzi akasiyana-siyana emhando anogona kugoverwa, zvakare.
Mazuva ano printers vanotsigira Wi-Fi uye vanogona kubatanidzwa kumatare emusha apo makombiyuta uye mafoni vanogona kutumira mabasa kwavari. Zvimwe - Nzira Yokubatanidza Imwe Printer .
Mamwe mavhiri matsva anoshandisa USB ports yakagadzirirwa kuvhara kunze kwekuchengetedza zvidzidzo. Ichi chekuchengetedza chinogona kushandiswa nemamwe mafaira pane network kuitira kukopera mafaira. Izvi zvinogonawo kusunungurwa kubva pa router uye kutamirwa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana kana munhu achida kuwana ruzivo paanenge achifamba, somuenzaniso. Kunyangwe pasina USB kuchengetedza zvinhu, router inobatsira network network kugovana pakati pezvigadziri mune dzimwe nzira. Mafaira anogona kuendeswa achishandisa kanda yemaitiro ekushanda kwemabasa kana kuti kuburikidza nemitambo yekuchengetedza makore. Zvimwe - Nhanganyaya kuFaira Kugovana paIndaneti Networks .
Guest Networks
Dzimwe dzitsva dzisingabatsiri dzisingabatsiri (kwete dzose) dzinotsigira nhume dzekutumira , dzinokubvumira kuti ugadzire chikamu chinokosha cheimba yako yekutengesa chete nekuda kwekushanyira shamwari neshamwari. Mishandisirwo emitambo inogadzirisa kusvika kune imwe nyanzvi yemusha kuitira kuti vashanisi varege kukwanisa kutarisa chero humwe hwemakambani eimba yemusha pasina mvumo yako. Kunyanya, mushanyi wevashanisi anoshandisa imwe yakachengeteka kugadzirisa uye zvakasiyana - siyana zvekuchengetedzwa kweWi-Fi pane imwe nzvimbo yeimba yekutengesa kuitira kuti zvimedu zvepachivande zvigare zvakachengetwa.
Nokuda kwezvimwe, ona: Kugadzirisa uye kushandisa Shanduro yeNyika paImba .
Kudzora Kwevabereki uye zvimwe Zvimwe Zvitemo
Vaiti router vanowanzozivisa kuzivikanwa kwevabereki sechinhu chinotengesa chezvinhu zvavo. Zvinyorwa zvekuti izvi zvinotungamirira sei zvinoshanda zvose zvinoenderana nemuenzaniso we router unobatanidzwa. Zvose zvinowanzoitwa router parental controls dzinosanganisira:
- kudzivirira mamwe maIndaneti nemazita
- kudzivirira nguva dzamasikati (usiku) iyo mwana anogona kugona paWebhu
- kudzivirira maawa ose muzuva iyo mwana anogona kuve paIndaneti
A router administrator inogadzirisa zvirongwa zvevabereki kuburikidza nemamenu ekutengesa. Zvigadziriswa zvinoshandiswa zvakasiyana pamutsetse kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvemwana zvinogona kudzivirirwa asi vamwe vanoramba vasina kudziviswa. Vanotora mabhuku vanochengetedza ruzivo rwemajoni emunharaunda nemazwi avo emuviri ( MAC ) mazita kuitira kuti mwana asagona kungodzokorora kombiyuta yavo kuti dzirege kudzivirira vabereki.
Nokuti zvikamu izvozvi zvinogona kubatsira kune vakaroorana uye dzimwe nhengo dzemhuri kunze kwevana, kutungamirirwa kwevabereki vari nani-kunonzi mitemo yekuwana .
VPN Server uye Support Client
Virtual Private Network (VPN) teknolojia inovandudza kuchengeteka kweInternet connections uye yakanyanya kuzivikanwa nekukura kwevasingafambidzani mitambo. Vanhu vazhinji vanoshandisa VPN panzvimbo yebasa, kana pamagetsi ekubatanidza kuHi-Fi hotspots , asi vashomanana vanoshandisa VPN pamba. Vamwe vatori vatsva vanopa humwe hutsigiri hweVPN, asi vamwe havakwanisi, uye kunyange iyo iyo inogona kunge isina kukwana muhutano hwavanopa.
Makomiraji eimba neVPN anowanzopa rubatsiro rweVPN chete. Izvi zvinobvumira nhengo dzemhuri kuti dzigadzirise ukama hweVPN kuenda kumusha pavanenge vasisiri kufamba. Nhamba shoma yevarters kumusha anowedzera kupa VPN mutsvaga rubatsiro, izvo zvinoita kuti michina iri mukati memba iite hukama hweVPN apo inosvika paIndaneti. Avo vanofunga kuchengeteka kwevasingafambidzani pamba kumba chinhu chinokosha chinofanira kuva nechokwadi kuti router yavo inogona kushanda seVPN muteresi.
Pamba Kutumira uye UPnP
Chimiro chakasiyana asi chisina kunzwisiswa chevatori vemisha, kutakura kwechikepe kunopa mutungamiri kukwanisa kutungamirira inopinda motokari kumunhu mumwe nomumwe mukati memutambo weimba maererano neTCP uye UDP nhamba dzenhamba dziri mukati memashoko ega ega. Zviratidzo zvakajairika apo kutakura kwechikepe kwaiwanzoshandiswa kusanganisira PC kutamba uye web hosting.
Purogiramu yePod Plug uye Play (UPnP) yakagadziridzwa kuti ive nyore nzira iyo makombiyuta uye zvishandise zvinoshandisa ports kuti vataurirane nemapurogiramu emisha. UPnP inogadzirisa zviratidzo zvakawanda izvo zvingadai zvichitoda manyogadziro ekugadzirisa mahofisi ekutumira zvinyorwa pane router. Zvose zvinowanikwa mumusha mahara dzinotsigira UPnP sechinhu chokusarudza; vatungamiri vanogona kuvhiringidza iyo kana vachida kuchengetedza zvakakwana pamusoro pechikwata che router kutumira zvisarudzo.
QoS
Mhando dzomumusha dzinoshandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzokudzora Quality of Service (QoS) pamusha weimba. QoS inobvumira mutungamiri kupa zvigadziriswa zvakasarudzwa uye / kana zvikwereti zvakakwirira zvakanyanya kuwanika kune zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi.
Migwagwa yakawanda yakawanda inotsigira QoS sechinhu chinogona kuchinjwa kana kudzimwa. Makomiraji eimba neQoS anogona kupa maitiro akasiyana ehutano hweEthernet nehutachiona hweWash-Wi-Fi. Maikirwo aifanira kuiswa mberi anowanzowanikwa nemazita avo eMAC . Mamwe maitiro akadai eQoS:
- Mutengesi pane imwe nhare dzeTCP kana UDP dzinogona kuiswa pamberi pepamusoro kana kuderera kupfuura vamwe. Vatungamiri vanowanzoshandisa zvirongwa izvi kuti vape zvakanakisisa kumitambo yemavhidhiyo.
- WMM (Wi-Fi MultiMedia) QoS inowanzoona uye inotarisa mavhidhiyo ekushambadzira uye inzwi rekutengesa pamusoro pekubatana kwe Wi-Fi. Mabhora akawanda anowanzoita WMM sechinhu chinosarudzwa; dzimwe mhando dzinochengetedza WMM zvakagadziridzwa kuburikidza apo vamwe vakachikuvadza kuburikidza.
Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS)
Pfungwa iri shure kweWPS iri nyore: Makombiyuta epamba (kunyanya kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengeteka) anogona kunge asina kukanganisa-akagadziriswa kuisa, saka chero chinhu chinoparadzanisa nzira inochengetedza nguva uye musoro. WPS inopa nzira dzekuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedzwa kweWi-Fi zvishandiso kana kushandisa nzira yekushandura bhatani kana kuti kuburikidza nehuwandu hweMunhu Kuziva Nhamba (PINs), passkeys iyo dzimwe nguva inogona kutumirwa kamwe chete achishandisa Near Field Communication (NFC) . Vamwe vashandi ve Wi-Fi havatsigiri WPS, zvisinei, uye zvinetso zvekuchengeteka zviripo zvakare.
Nokuwedzera, tarisa: Mharidzo yeWPS ye Wi-Fi Networks
Upgradeable Firmware
Vanogadzira router vanowanzogadzirisa mishonga uye vanowedzera zvigadzirwa kumashandisirwo emagetsi avo. Vose vanofamba mazuva ano vanoshandisa firmware update feature kuitira kuti vadzidzisi vashandise router yavo mushure mekutenga. Vamwe vanoita router vashomanana, zvikurukuru Linksys, vanoita danho rinopfuurira uye vanopa rubatsiro rwepamutemo kune vatengi vavo kuti vatsive mutezo we firmware newechitatu-(kanowanzozaruka) shanduro yakafanana neDD-WRT .
Muvhareji angave asina hanya nazvo, asi vamwe vanofarira tech vanofunga kukwanisa kuisa firmware sechinhu chinokosha mukusarudza router yemusha. Onawo: Mabhii eWi-Fi Wireless Routers yeKuyu Computer Networks .