Iri gwaro rinokuratidzai kuti mungatungamirira sei mapoka achishandisa mutemo gpasswd. Imwe faira uye faira mukati meLuxux zvine user, boka uye mvumo yeimba. Nokutonga uyo anokwanisa kuwana boka iwe unogona kudzora chii chinoitika kufaira uye mahwendefa panzvimbo yako pasina kuisa zvibvumirano zvevashandisi vese.
Zvishoma Zvishoma Pamvumo
Vhura chitubu uye mukati mefaira yako yemusha ita faira inonzi makambani uchishandisa command mkdir sezvinotevera:
mkdir accountsIye zvino tanga muteveri wekutevera ls murairo uyo uchakuratidza mavhosi efaira iwe wachangobva kuumba.
ls -ltUchaona chimwe chinhu chakadai:
drwxr-xr-x 2 yourname yourname 4096 nhete dzenyayaIzvo zvibvumirano zvatinofarira ndezvibvumirano izvo zviri pamusoro apa zvinonzi "drwxr-xr-x". Isuwo tiri kufarira 2 "thyname" mararamiro.
Ngatitaure nezvemvumo kutanga. I "d" inomirira zvinyorwa uye inotiudza isu kuti maverengi ibhuku.
Zvose zvinotumirwa zvinoparadzaniswa zvikamu zvitatu: "rwx", "rx", "rx". Chikamu chokutanga chevanhu vatatu ndevhevhisi iyo muridzi wechinhu ane. Chikamu chechipiri chevanhu vatatu ndevhevhisi dzokuti ani zvake ari weboka ane uye pakupedzisira, chikamu chekupedzisira mvumo iyo munhu wose ane.
Izwi rokuti "r" rinomirira "kuverenga", "w" rinomiririra "kunyora" uye "x" rinomiririra "kuita".
Saka mumuenzaniso uri pamusoro apa muridzi wekuverenga, nyora nekuita zvibvumirano zvefolda dzeakaunti asi boka racho nevamwe vanhu vose vakangoverenga nekuita zvibvumirano.
Mumuenzaniso, wekutanga "thyname" ndiye muridzi wechinhu chacho uye wechipiri "thyname" ndiro boka guru resocial account.
Kuita kuti mutungamiri uyu awedzere kuwedzera kuwedzera mamwe maverengi akawanda kune system yako uchishandisa zvinotevera zvinowedzera :
sudo adduser sudo adduser tomIwe uchakumbirwa kuisa pasi password kune umwe neumwe wavo uye kupinda mamwe mashoko. Iwe unogona kubvisa nehoko redu chete uye kudzoka kuburikidza nemamwe masimiro.
Iye zvino kuti iwe une nhoroondo 3 uchitevera murairo unotevera kuti uchinje muridzi wefaira yako.
sudo chown tom accountIye zvino fambisa ls command zvakare.
ls -ltMvumo ichave ikozvino inotevera:
drwxr-xr-x tom thynameIwe uchakwanisa kufamba muhodhi dzeakaunti uchishandisa mutemo weCd sezvinotevera:
cd accountsZvino edza kuumba faira uchishandisa murairo unotevera:
touch testIwe uchagamuchira mhosho inotevera:
kubata: haigoni kubata 'test': Chibvumirano chakarambaChikonzero cheizvi ndechekuti Tom ndiye muridzi uye akaverenga, kunyora nekuita zvibvumirano asi iwe uri chikamu cheboka uye iwe unongova nemvumo yeboka.
Dzokera kumashure fodha yeimba uye shandura zvibvumirano zvezvigaro nekunyora mirairo inotevera:
cd .. sudo chmod 750 nhoroondoIye zvino fambisa ls command zvakare:
ls -ltMvumo yefaira reakaunti ikozvino ichange yakaita seyiyo:
drwxr-x ---Izvi zvinoreva kuti muridzi wacho azere, zvibvumirano, vashandisi neboka "thyname" vangave vaverenga uye vachiita mvumo uye vamwe vose havangave nezvibvumirano.
Edza. Dzokera ku-account folda uye tungamira tora command zvakare:
cd account touch testIwe uchiri nemvumo yekuenda kune faira asi hauna mvumo yekuumba mafaira. Kana iwe waingova muitiro wekushandisa iwe unogona kukwanisa kunyange kupinda mujikiti reakaunti.
Kuedza shanduri iyi kumushandisi Tim uye kuenderera kune faira dzeakaunti sezvinotevera:
s - tim cd / home / yourname / accountsIwe uchawana mvumo yakarambwa kukanganisa.
Saka sei uchishandisa zvibvumirano zveboka uye usingaiti mvumo yega yevashandi vose? Kana iwe uine dhipatimendi reakaunti iwe unofanirwa kuti wese ave nekuwana dzimwe mahwendefa nemapepa asi hapana mumwe munhu ari mukambani anofanira kunge panzvimbo yekuisa zvibvumirano kune vanhu vose muakaunti iwe unogona kuisa zvivako zvefaira kune boka rinonzi maakaiti uye kuwedzera vashandisi kuboka.
Sei izvi zviri nani pane kuisa mvumo yemumwe munhu? Kana munhu anoshandisa dhipatimendi iwe unogona kungovabvisa kubva muboka pasinei nekushanda zvibvumirano zvavo pane zvakatorwa zvemafaira.
Nzira Yokugadzira A Group
Iwe unogona kushandisa murairo unotevera kuti ugadzire boka:
sudo addgroup accountsZvaungaita Kuti Uwedzere A Mushandisi Ku Gulu
sudo gpasswd -a nhoroondo dzezita rekushandisaMurairo wepamusoro unogona kushandiswa kuwedzera umwe chete kune boka reakaunti.
Kuwedzera mazita evashandisi senhengo dzeboka rinomira murairo unotevera:
sudo gpassword-yourname, tom, tim zvinyorwaKana munhu anoshandiswa kune imwe nhoroondo mushumiri anogona kuwedzera boka racho kumapoka avo echipiri nekuita murairo unotevera:
newgrp accountsChero chero upi zvake asingashandisi weboka achakumbirwa kupinda mupa password password.
Nzira Yekushandura Inheyo yeChitatu yeChikwata
Iye zvino kuti tine boka rine user unogona kuisa iyo boka kuhofisi yekodha uchishandisa murairo wekuchimbidzika unotevera:
sudo chgrp account accountsNhoroondo dzekutanga ndiro zita reboka uye rechipiri nhoroondo ndiyo zita refaira.
Nzira Yokutarisa Kana Akashandisi Anofanana Neboka
Unogona kutarisa kana mushandisi ari weboka kuburikidza nekuita murairo unotevera:
mapokaIzvi zvichadzoka mazita emapoka anoshandiswa navashandi.
How To Change The Group Password
Kuti uchinje chikwangwani cheboka iwe unogona kutevera murairo unotevera:
sudo gpasswdIwe uchakumbirwa kuisa password kune boka racho uye kurudzorera.
Iye zvino unogona kuwedzera vashandisi kuboka nenzira yakataurwa pamusoro apa kana mushandisi mutsva anogona kubatana neboka achingoita murairo unotevera nekupa password yakarurama:
newgrpZviri pachena, haunzwisisi kupa password password kune ani zvake saka zviri nani kuwedzera mushandisi kuboka iwe pachako.
Nzira Yokudzivirira Mapoka Kumangwana Dzakatsanangurwa Nhengo
Kana iwe usingadi ani zvake ane mhosva anoziva password kuti abatane neboka iwe unogona kutevera murairo unotevera:
sudo gpasswd -RIsa A User SeMutungamiriri
Iwe unogona kuisa vashandisi sevatariri veboka. Izvi zvinobvumira mutengi kuwedzera uye kubvisa vashandi kubva kune rimwe boka uyewo kuchinja password
Kuti uite izvi chengetedza murairo unotevera:
sudo gpasswd -A tom nhoroondoNzira Yokubvisa A Group Password
Unogona kubvisa password kubva kune boka uchishandisa murairo unotevera:
sudo gpasswd -r nhoroondoNzira Yokubvisa Sei Mushandi Kubva Muboka
Kuchenesa mushandisi kubva muboka shandisa murairo unotevera:
sudo gpassword -d tom nhoroondoNzira Yokupipa A Group Verenga, Nyora uye Ita Zvimvumo Pa A File Kana Folder
Kusvikira ikozvino vashandi vari mukati meboka rekambani vanogona kuwana mahwendefa eakaunti asi vanogona chaizvo kuita chero chinhu nokuti vanongoverenga uye vanoita mvumo.
Kupa zvibvumirano zvekunyora kune boka raunokwanisa kutevera murairo unotevera:
sudo chmod g + w zvinyorwaSummary
Uyu mutungamiri akaisa mirairo shomanana kuti ikubatsire kuisa zvibvumirano pane Linux yako system. Iwe unogona kushandisawo murairo we useradd kuisa vashandisi nevashandisi veboka.